Plural of French nouns
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In every European language we have to differ between Singular (French: le singulier) and Plural (French: le pluriel). In French however we have to distinguish between different plural forms:
- Plural nouns that end in -s
- Plural nouns that end in -x
- Irregular plural nouns
Lesson outline
Hide- 1.Plural nouns ending in -s
- 1.1.Examples for nouns ending in -s
- 2.Plural nouns ending in -x
- 2.1.Examples for nouns ending in -x
- 3.Irregular plural nouns
- 4.Plural of compound nouns
- 4.1.Examples for compound nouns in the plural
- 5.Plural of surnames
- 5.1.Examples for surnames in the plural
- 6.Exercises
- 6.1.Fill in the blank exercise about the plural of French nouns
- 6.2.Quiz about the plural of French nouns
Plural nouns ending in -s
Similar to the English language most nouns form the plural by adding -s to the singular. But different from the English language, the -s at the end of the noun isn't supposed to be pronounced.
Please note that nouns, which already end in -s in the singular form, don't change in the plural.
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Examples for nouns ending in -s
| Singular | Plural | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| une voiture | deux voitures | two cars |
| un vélo | deux vélos | two bicycles |
| une rue | deux rues | two streets |
| un pays | deux pays | two countries |
| un repas | deux repas | two meals |
Plural nouns ending in -x
Only a certain number of French nouns end in -x in the plural form.
The plural ending form in -x is used for:
- all nouns that end in -au or -eau
- nearly all nouns that end in -eu
- some nouns that end -ou in plural
- most nouns that end in -al and -ail have the ending -aux
Examples for nouns ending in -x
| Singular | Plural | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| le bateau | beaucoup de bateaux | a lot of boats |
| le cheveu | beaucoup de cheveux | much hair |
| le genou | les genoux | knees |
Irregular plural nouns
Some nouns have an irregular plural. These include nouns ending in -eu, -al, -eau, -ail and some nouns ending in -ou.
| Singular | Plural | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| l'os | les os | the bones |
| monsieur | messieurs | misters |
| madame | mesdames | ladies |
| mademoiselle | mesdemoiselles | mademoiselle |
| les ciseaux | des pires de ciseaux | the scissors |
| les lunettes | des paires de lunettes | the glasses |
Plural of compound nouns
When nouns are made up of two separate words, they are called compound nouns, for example, les grands-parents (meaning grandparents) or des ouvre-boites (meaning tinopeners).
The rules for forming the plural of compound nouns are a bit complicated:
- If two nouns are connected, only the first noun is set in plural.
- If an adjective is connected with a noun, both are changed in the plural.
- If a verb is connected with a noun or another verb, both stay unchanged.
- Also if a preposition is connected with a noun, both stay unchanged.
Examples for compound nouns in the plural
| Singular | Plural | Translation |
|---|---|---|
l'appareil photo la station-service | les appareils photo les stations-service | the cameras the gas stations |
| le grand-père la belle-mère | les grands-pères les belles-mères | the grandparents the mothers-in-law |
| le faire-parte le laisser-passer | les faire-part les laisser-passer | the announcements the passports |
| un après-midi un hors-d'oeuvre | les après-midi les hors-d'oeuvre | the afternoons the appetizers |
Please note that compound nouns, which are written together, receive an additional -s in the plural.
Plural of surnames
In general you don't add an additional -s at the end of last names in French. But usually it's not considered as a mistake if you do so.
Bear in mind that it's common to add an -s at the end of royal family names or pieces of art.
Examples for surnames in the plural
| Singular | Plural | Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Madame Bernard | les Bernard(s) | the Bernards |
| la famille Dupont | les Dupont(s) | the Duponts |
| Ce musée possède plusieurs Renoirs et Picassos. | Ce musée possède plusieurs Renoirs et Picassos. | This museum owns a lot of Renoirs and Picassos. |
Exercises
Fill in the blank exercise about the plural of French nouns
Quiz about the plural of French nouns
Exercises
Fill in the blank exercise about the plural of French nouns
Quiz about the plural of French nouns
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