French pronouns
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Lesson outline
Hide- 1.What is a pronoun ?
- 2.Personal pronouns
- 2.1.Subject pronouns
- 2.1.1.Examples
- 2.2.Object pronouns
- 2.2.1.Examples
- 3.Possessive pronouns
- 3.1.Examples
- 4.Relative pronouns
- 4.1.Examples
- 5.Demonstrative pronouns
- 5.1.Examples
- 6.Indefinite pronouns
- 6.1.Examples
- 7.Interrogative pronouns
- 7.1.Examples
- 8.Reflexive pronouns
- 8.1.Examples
- 9.Adverbial pronouns
- 9.1.Examples
- 10.Exercises
- 10.1.Multiple choice questions about the pronouns in French
What is a pronoun ?
Pronouns (French: les pronoms) are words which you can use to replace a noun or a noun phrase. They are commonly used to avoid naming someone or something directly. Also, they save you from repeating nouns constantly.
In general you have to distinguish between 8 different types of pronouns in the French language.
- Personal pronouns
- Possessive pronouns
- Reflexive pronouns
- Demonstrative pronouns
- Relative pronouns
- Indefinite pronouns
- Interrogative pronouns
- Adverbial pronouns
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Personal pronouns
The personal pronoun (French: le pronom personel) is one of the most important pronouns when it comes to learning the French language. You can use it to talk about yourself, but also to talk about others or to refer to objects or animals.
Similar to the English language they can be either subjective or objective.
Subject pronouns
They are the equivalent of the English personal pronouns:
- je (I)
- tu (you)
- il (he)
- elle (she)
- on (we familiar)
- nous (we)
- vous (you)
- ils (they: males)
- elles (they: females)
Examples
| Subject pronouns | Translations |
|---|---|
| il est souvent en retard | (He is always late) |
| Nous pensions que vous devrez faire la paix | (We think you should make peace) |
Object pronouns
Those pronouns are used to replace the subject in a COI sentence:
- me
- te
- le
- la
- lui
- nous
- vous
- leur
- les
Examples
| Object pronouns | Translations |
|---|---|
| Marie m'a donné le stylo | (Marie gave me the pen) |
| Théo lui a acheté des bonbons | (Theo bought him candies) |
Possessive pronouns
Le mien, le tien, le sien are examples of possessive pronouns (French: le pronom possessif). They indicate possessions and demonstrate that one thing belongs to another.
Examples
| Possessive | Translations |
|---|---|
| Ma passion, c’est la musique. Et la tienne Marie ? | (Music is my passion. What’s yours, Marie ?) |
| Tes parents sont américains ? Les miens sont français. | (Your parents are americans ? Mine are French.) |
Relative pronouns
Relative pronouns (French: le pronom relatif) are used to introduce relative clauses and furthermore aim to describe or explain a previously mentioned noun (the antecedent).
They are:
- qui
- que
- où
- dont
- ce dont / ce que / ce qui
- lequel
- auquel
- duquel
Examples
| Relative pronouns | Translations |
|---|---|
| L’homme qui parle français, est mon copain. | (The man who is speaking is my friend.) |
| Les amis que je vois le plus sont Anna et Nicole | (The friends that I see the most are Anna and Nicole) |
| C'est la maison où habite ma grand-mère | (This is the house where my grand mother lives) |
| Tu te souviens de l'histoire dont tu m'as parlé ? | (Do you remember the story you told me about ?) |
Demonstrative pronouns
You can use demonstrative pronouns (French: le pronom démonstratif) to emphasize or highlight certain people and things. Also, they can refer to something nearby or far away.
Demonstrative pronouns are
- ceux, celles
- ceci, ca, cela, ce
- celui, celui-ci, celui-là
- celle, celle-ci, celle-là
Examples
| Demonstrative pronouns | Translations | References |
|---|---|---|
| Je veux parler de celles que tu m'as donné | (I am talking about the ones you gave me) | refer to dresses |
| Ceci est une preuve suffisante pour te renvoyer | (This is a sufficient evidence to expel you) | refer to an evidence |
| Celui-là, je le mangerai après | (I will eat this one after) | refer to this cake |
| Celle de ton père est toujours en panne | (Your father's is still broken down) | refer to his car |
Indefinite pronouns
Indefinite pronouns (French: le pronom indéfini) are used to speak about something unspecified or unidentified. They also aim to describe people or things in a general way.
Some of the indefinite pronouns are for example tout, personne, rien, chaque, chacun and quelque chose.
Examples
| Indefinite | Translations |
|---|---|
| Tout le monde s'est amusé. | (Everyone had fun.) |
| Je n’ai vu personne. | (I didn’t see anyone). |
Interrogative pronouns
The interrogative pronouns (French: les pronoms interrogatifs) are pronouns like qui, que, quoi, lequel and quel which are being used to introduce a question.
They aim to replace a noun that we’re asking about.
Examples
| Interrogative | Translations |
|---|---|
| Que cherches-tu ? | (What are you looking for?) |
| Qu’est-ce qui se passe ? | (What’s happening ?) |
Reflexive pronouns
Reflexive pronouns (French: le pronom réfléchi) such as me, te, se, nous, vous, se are being used exclusively with pronominal verbs.
They are always placed in front of the reflexive verb.
Examples
| Reflexive pronouns | Translation |
|---|---|
| Je me prépare | (I prepare myself.) |
| Michel se lave les mains. | (Michel washes his hands.) |
Adverbial pronouns
In the French language we have two different kinds of adverbial pronouns: en and y.
Like adverbs they aim to replace words in a phrase which are used to imply quantities, qualities, properties and relations.
Examples
| Adverbials | Translation |
|---|---|
| Je n’en sais rien | (I’m leaving) |
| J’y vais | (I don’t know anything about that.) |
Check our subpages to learn more about these types of pronouns !
Exercises
Multiple choice questions about the pronouns in French
Exercises
Multiple choice questions about the pronouns in French
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My name is Wanda, I'm 27 and I'm French.
I have a Master's Degree in Teaching French as a Foreign Language from the University of Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris, as well as 3 years of teaching experience (face-to-face, remote courses, or group classes).
I can teach you everything from grammar to culture, but I am particularly able to help you get a better pronunciation! Indeed, I also have a Master's Degree in Linguistics, for which I wrote a thesis about the pronunciation of people learning French as a foreign language =)
Regarding pronunciation, I'll help you without any judgment and only if you express the need to improve!
I studied one year in Japan (Osaka) where I gave French classes at the University of Kansai. During this time, I met a lot of people from various background and I became very open-minded and comfortable with different cultures.
What I like the most in teaching French is getting to meet and know people from different cultures =)
So, I'll be waiting for you! =)
See you soon,
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Wanda is a fantastic teacher, she's always up to solve problems and doubts. She teaches from grammar to speaking, with a good emphasis on pronunciation and phonetics which are essential in French!
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My name is Tiska. I am a French Teacher with experiences with adults and teenagers in Public Education (USA) and Language Schools. I am holding a Master Degree in FLE (Teaching French as a Foreign Language).
Join a small group of learners of 2 or 3 for conversation lessons with me. An article or video to watch before the lesson and a conversation with personalized corrections during the lesson. This option saves you at least 10 euros per lesson on Colanguage.
Group opening:
Monday and/or Wednesday from 17:30 to 18:30 (French time).
Level: intermediate (B1)
Also, standard French lessons
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Don’t know your level? Ask for a free level test.
I give Skype lessons to people who need or want to improve their French language. I like to use material from the internet (videos, article etc.) to introduce a theme which leads to a lesson and a conversation.
I like to create engaging learning with my students. I will give as homework a document to watch or to read with comprehension exercises so the time we have on skype is only speaking practice and explanation if needed.
I can help you prepare DELF-DALF Exams or work on specific needs (as professional French).
Really like to speak about all the subjects with the student especially those the student like so it gives the motivation to speak in the foreign language.
The free first lesson is organize to know your tastes, your level and your needs so we can plan the next lessons about the objectives you fixed.
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My classes are structured according to my students' needs, I use different teaching methods and I rely on listening each of my students' expectations and goals. Dynamism and constant learning are my purposes in my classes.
I have worked as a French teacher for more than ten years.
I have academic studies in English and French from Montréal, Canada, where I lived for several years. I have a Bachelor in Teaching French as a foreign language from the Université de Bourgogne.
I learned French at an early age in immersion in a French-speaking region and I studied French formally for 11 years, obtaining a native level.
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Bonjour! Veux-tu apprendre français? ou l'améliorer?
My classes are structured according to my students' needs, I use different teaching methods and I rely on listening each of my students' expectations and goals. Dynamism and constant learning are my purposes in my classes.
I have worked as a French teacher for more than ten years.
I have academic studies in English and French from Montréal, Canada, where I lived for several years. I have a Bachelor in Teaching French as a foreign language from the Université de Bourgogne.
I learned French at an early age in immersion in a French-speaking region and I studied French formally for 11 years, obtaining a native level.
À bientôt!
S. B.
After one lesson, I knew that Natalia would be a great fit for me. She made the conversation fun and stimulating. Natalia was very patient with me. Yet, she also encouraged me to speak french in a way that I had not spoken before. By the end of the lesson, my french stream of conscious was more fluid than it had ever been. I know that each lesson will be the highlight of my week.
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Ivan O.
Hello,
My name is Tiska. I am a French Teacher with experiences with adults and teenagers in Public Education (USA) and Language Schools. I am holding a Master Degree in FLE (Teaching French as a Foreign Language).
Join a small group of learners of 2 or 3 for conversation lessons with me. An article or video to watch before the lesson and a conversation with personalized corrections during the lesson. This option saves you at least 10 euros per lesson on Colanguage.
Group opening:
Monday and/or Wednesday from 17:30 to 18:30 (French time).
Level: intermediate (B1)
Also, standard French lessons
- level A2 (low intermediate)
- 2 hours a week
- ask for schedule
Don’t know your level? Ask for a free level test.
I give Skype lessons to people who need or want to improve their French language. I like to use material from the internet (videos, article etc.) to introduce a theme which leads to a lesson and a conversation.
I like to create engaging learning with my students. I will give as homework a document to watch or to read with comprehension exercises so the time we have on skype is only speaking practice and explanation if needed.
I can help you prepare DELF-DALF Exams or work on specific needs (as professional French).
Really like to speak about all the subjects with the student especially those the student like so it gives the motivation to speak in the foreign language.
The free first lesson is organize to know your tastes, your level and your needs so we can plan the next lessons about the objectives you fixed.
F. D.
Tiska is a very good teacher: her lessons are well structured and she follows your French level perfectly. The method she uses is modern and leaves room for conversation. Homework is a real party with the videos, listening to music videos and grammar which is well explained in the book. I can highly recommend Tiska for your French lesson.
Tiska G.
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These experiences will make learning Norwegian a lot easier for you. I know the pitfalls that await foreigners and which donkey bridges work well. My cultural-historical knowledge will not only give you an understanding of Norwegian culture and way of life, but will also help you in a practical way to be able to easily remember strange words and formulations at first glance and not to get lost in the thicket of countless dialects.
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R. T.
Very social and helpful teacher with an excellent grasp on how to improve your french in a structured fashion. The informal style is very pleasant and will help you acquire the language in a natural, unforced fashion. The teaching materials and tools used are geared to your level and are a great help in smoothing out the learning curve. Recommended for anyone who enjoys a learn by doing approach with the help of proven teaching tools and documents.
Rue D.
Hi!
My name is Krisztina! I’m a teacher of German and French with the corresponding qualifications. I've grown up in a bilingual family (Hungarian-German), so I speak both languages as a native language. I’ve been teaching for six years, so I’m able to estimate your needs, and to meet them. In my lessons, I recreat real life situations, so that you will be able to adapt yourselves to different circumstances. I’m a patient, positive and creative person, who is looking forward to see you in her lessons. So don’t hesitate to book a lesson with me.
N. D.
I am very satisfied with my new teacher. Looks like I'm going to get French soon! Looking forward to each lesson. Krisztina knows many languages, which allows her to understand pronunciation difficulties and to remain patient. Hope to pass C1 one day!
Krisztina L.
Native Spanish Teacher
G. P.
Carlos is an excellent, professional and experienced Spanish teacher. His method is made up of theory and exercises, he uses school documents and is prepared for all levels of Spanish. Highly recommended.
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CARLOS R.
Hello everyone!
My name is Wanda, I'm 27 and I'm French.
I have a Master's Degree in Teaching French as a Foreign Language from the University of Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris, as well as 3 years of teaching experience (face-to-face, remote courses, or group classes).
I can teach you everything from grammar to culture, but I am particularly able to help you get a better pronunciation! Indeed, I also have a Master's Degree in Linguistics, for which I wrote a thesis about the pronunciation of people learning French as a foreign language =)
Regarding pronunciation, I'll help you without any judgment and only if you express the need to improve!
I studied one year in Japan (Osaka) where I gave French classes at the University of Kansai. During this time, I met a lot of people from various background and I became very open-minded and comfortable with different cultures.
What I like the most in teaching French is getting to meet and know people from different cultures =)
So, I'll be waiting for you! =)
See you soon,
Wanda
L. B.
Wanda is a fantastic teacher, she's always up to solve problems and doubts. She teaches from grammar to speaking, with a good emphasis on pronunciation and phonetics which are essential in French!
Wanda N.