French personal pronouns - je, tu, il
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Personal pronouns (French: les pronoms personnels) in general are used to
- talk about yourself
- referring to other people or things
Besides that, they have to be classified as Subject pronouns, Stressed pronouns or Object pronouns.
Below you can find a well-structured chart to get a quick overview of all the different kinds of personal pronouns in the French language.
| Person | Subject pronoun | Stressed pronoun | Object pronoun direct | Object pronoun indirect | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | I | Je | Moi | Me/M' | Me/M' |
| You | Tu | Toi | Te/T' | Te/T' | |
| He/She | Il/Elle | Lui/Elle | Le/L' La/L' | Lui | |
| Plural | We | Nous | Nous | Nous | Nous |
| You | Vous | Vous | Vous | Vous | |
| They | Ils/Elles | Eux/Elles | Les | Leur |
Lesson outline
Hide- 1.Subject pronouns
- 1.1.Examples:
- 2.Stressed pronouns
- 2.1.Examples:
- 3.Direct object pronouns
- 3.1.Examples:
- 4.Indirect object pronouns
- 4.1.Examples:
- 5.Exercises
- 5.1.Fill in the blank exercise about the subject pronouns
- 5.2.Drag and drop exercise about the stressed pronouns
- 5.3.Fill in the blank exercise about the French Direct and indirect object pronouns
Subject pronouns
Subject pronouns aim to replace a subject noun. As you can see in the chart above the Subject pronouns in French are je, tu, il/elle, nous, vous and ils/elles.
Je changes to J' before a vowel or vowel sound.
Use tu for a familiar form of address and vous for a politer form of you or simply to address more people.
Use elles when you're talking about a group of females and ils when there's a group of males or mixed genders.
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Examples:
J'habite à Strasbourg. (I live in Strasbourg.)
Tu es mon meilleur ami. (You are my best friend.)
Vous pouvez entrer. (You may come in.)
Stressed pronouns
Stressed pronouns (also known as disjunctive or empathic pronouns) are being used instead of a noun to emphasize something, especially in reference to yourself or to other people. They are expressed as moi, toi, lui/elle, vous, nous, eux/elles (me, you, him/her, us, you, them).
Stressed pronouns are placed after: c'est, ce sont (it is), negations like ce n'est pas or ce ne sont pas and prepositions like avec, pour, sans, chez. Also they can be used in a comparison.
Examples:
C'est pour moi? (Is this for me?)
Il est moins grand que toi. (He is smaller than you.)
Je travaille avec Sandro. Je travaille avec lui. (I work with Sandro. I work with him.)
Direct object pronouns
The direct object pronoun aims to replace a noun and is the object of a sentence. You can ask for it with the questions what? or whom? The French direct objects are me, te, le/la, nous, vous and les.
Whereas in English direct objects always come after the verb, French does it differently and provides to place them in front of the verb (except in orders, instructions and the imperative form).
Don't forget that you have to adjust the pronouns to the gender and number of the noun you're going to replace.
Also keep in mind to use the contracted form (m', t', l') in front of a vowel or a vowel sound.
Examples:
Je t'aime. (I love you.)
Tu la vois ce soir. (You are seeing her this evening.)
J'aime les fleurs. Je les aime. (I like flowers. I like them.)
Indirect object pronouns
Indirect object pronouns (French: Compléments d'objet indirect - COI) are used to replace a noun which refers to a person. You can ask for it with the questions who to/for or to/for what.
Also you can recognize these types of pronouns easily as they're mostly followed by a verb and a preposition. French indirect objects are me, te, lui, nous, vous, leur.
The indirect object pronoun usually comes before the verb. Only in instructions and orders the pronoun has to be placed after the verb.
Examples:
Il nous écrit tous les jours. (He writes us every day.)
J'écris à Sandra. Je lui écris. (I'm writing to Sandra. I'm writing her.)
Il ne veut pas me répondre. (He won't answer me.)
Exercises
- Fill in the blank exercise about the subject pronouns
- Drag and drop exercise about the stressed pronouns
- Fill in the blank exercise about the French Direct and indirect object pronouns
Fill in the blank exercise about the subject pronouns
Drag and drop exercise about the stressed pronouns
Fill in the blank exercise about the French Direct and indirect object pronouns
Exercises
- Fill in the blank exercise about the subject pronouns
- Drag and drop exercise about the stressed pronouns
- Fill in the blank exercise about the French Direct and indirect object pronouns
Fill in the blank exercise about the subject pronouns
Drag and drop exercise about the stressed pronouns
Fill in the blank exercise about the French Direct and indirect object pronouns
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My name is Tiska. I am a French Teacher with experiences with adults and teenagers in Public Education (USA) and Language Schools. I am holding a Master Degree in FLE (Teaching French as a Foreign Language).
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Level: intermediate (B1)
Also, standard French lessons
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I give Skype lessons to people who need or want to improve their French language. I like to use material from the internet (videos, article etc.) to introduce a theme which leads to a lesson and a conversation.
I like to create engaging learning with my students. I will give as homework a document to watch or to read with comprehension exercises so the time we have on skype is only speaking practice and explanation if needed.
I can help you prepare DELF-DALF Exams or work on specific needs (as professional French).
Really like to speak about all the subjects with the student especially those the student like so it gives the motivation to speak in the foreign language.
The free first lesson is organize to know your tastes, your level and your needs so we can plan the next lessons about the objectives you fixed.
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Nancy C.
Hello,
My name is Tiska. I am a French Teacher with experiences with adults and teenagers in Public Education (USA) and Language Schools. I am holding a Master Degree in FLE (Teaching French as a Foreign Language).
Join a small group of learners of 2 or 3 for conversation lessons with me. An article or video to watch before the lesson and a conversation with personalized corrections during the lesson. This option saves you at least 10 euros per lesson on Colanguage.
Group opening:
Monday and/or Wednesday from 17:30 to 18:30 (French time).
Level: intermediate (B1)
Also, standard French lessons
- level A2 (low intermediate)
- 2 hours a week
- ask for schedule
Don’t know your level? Ask for a free level test.
I give Skype lessons to people who need or want to improve their French language. I like to use material from the internet (videos, article etc.) to introduce a theme which leads to a lesson and a conversation.
I like to create engaging learning with my students. I will give as homework a document to watch or to read with comprehension exercises so the time we have on skype is only speaking practice and explanation if needed.
I can help you prepare DELF-DALF Exams or work on specific needs (as professional French).
Really like to speak about all the subjects with the student especially those the student like so it gives the motivation to speak in the foreign language.
The free first lesson is organize to know your tastes, your level and your needs so we can plan the next lessons about the objectives you fixed.
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Bonjour! Veux-tu apprendre français? ou l'améliorer?
My classes are structured according to my students' needs, I use different teaching methods and I rely on listening each of my students' expectations and goals. Dynamism and constant learning are my purposes in my classes.
I have worked as a French teacher for more than ten years.
I have academic studies in English and French from Montréal, Canada, where I lived for several years. I have a Bachelor in Teaching French as a foreign language from the Université de Bourgogne.
I learned French at an early age in immersion in a French-speaking region and I studied French formally for 11 years, obtaining a native level.
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