Passive in Spanish (voz pasiva)
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In English and Spanish we use both, the active and the passive voice. In the active voice, the subject of the sentence performs the action. In the passive voice, the subject of the sentence receives the action.
The passive is a verb form that is used when the subject of the verb is the person or thing that is affected by the action. To form it, you need to follow this steps:
subject | verb | object | |
---|---|---|---|
Active voice | La periodista The journalist | escribe writes | los artículos. the articles. |
Passive voice | Los artículos The articles | son escritos are written | por la periodista. by the journalist. |
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In English we use the verb to be with a past participle (was painted, are made...) to form the passive. In Spanish, the passive is formed exactly the same way by using the verb ser (to be) and a past participle. To say who the action was done by, you use the preposition por (by).
Passive = verb "ser" + participle + "por" (verb to be + past participle + by)
Tense | Sentence |
---|---|
Presente | El pastel es horneado por mi abuela. (The cake is baked by my grandmother.) |
Pretérito Perfecto | El pastel ha sido horneado por mi abuela. (The cake has been baked by my grandmother.) |
Indefinido | El pastel fue horneado por mi abuela. (The cake was baked by my grandmother.) |
Imperfecto | El pastel era horneado por mi abuela. (The cake was baked by my grandmother.) |
Pluscuamperfecto | El pastel había sido horneado por mi abuela. (The cake had been baked by my grandmother.) |
Futuro simple | El pastel será horneado por mi abuela. (The cake will be baked by my grandmother.) |
Futuro compuesto | El pastel habrá sido horneado por mi abuela. (The cake will have been baked by my grandmother.) |
Condicional simple | El pastel sería horneado por mi abuela. (The cake would be baked by my grandmother.) |
Condicional compuesto | El pastel habría sido horneado por mi abuela. (The cake would have been baked by my grandmother.) |
Spanish, in general prefers the use of the active voice, especially in everyday communication. However newscasters use the passive voice and it appears frequently in written communication, especially in newspapers or magazine articles.
Spanish has another passive construction more frequently used than ser + past participle. It is called the pasiva refleja because one of its components is the reflexive pronoun se.
Se + 3rd person singular or plural
Fill in the missing words
1. Ramón escribió una carta. (Ramón wrote a letter)
La carta Ramón. (The letter was written by Ramón)
2. Jorge hizo una tarta. (Jorge made a cake)
La tarta Jorge. (The cake was made by Jorge)
3. Mi hermana conducía el coche. (My sister was driving the car)
El coche mi hermana. (The car was driven by my sister)
4. Dos niños destrozaron el castillo de arena. (Two kids destroyed the sandcastle)
El castillo de arena dos niños. (The sandcastle was destroyed by two kids)
5. La noticia nos afectó a todos. (The news afected everyone)
Todos la noticia. (Everybody was affected by the news)
6. En China hacen juguetes. (They make toys in China)
Los juguetes en China. (Toys are made in China)
7. Blasco Ibañez escribió esta novela. (Blasco Ibañez wrote this novel)
Esta novela Blasco Ibañez (This novel was written by Blasco Ibañez)
8. Almodovar dirigió la película. (Almodovar directed the movie)
La película Almodovar. (The movie was directed by Almodovar)
9. Mi madre pintó el cuadro. (My mum did the painting)
El cuadro mi madre. (The painting was painted by my mum)
10. Unos turistas franceses alquilaron la casa. (Some French tourists rented the house)
La casa unos turistas franceses. (The house was rented by some French tourists)
Use the impersonal form
1. La casa fue construida en el año 1970. (The house was built in 1970.)
La casa en el año 1970.
2. Son fabricados en China. (They are made in China.)
en China.
3. Fue anunciado en TV. (It appeared on TV.)
en TV.
4. La carta fue enviada ayer. (The letter was sent yesterday.)
La carta ayer.
5. El coche fue comprado en Barcelona. (The car was bought in Barcelona.)
El coche en Barcelona.
6. La cena será celebrada el sábado. (The dinner will be celebrated on Saturday.)
La cena el sábado.
7. Mi trabajo será expuesto en la galería de arte. (My work will be exhibited at the art gallery.)
Mi trabajo en la galería de arte.
8. La casa fue vendida hace poco. (The house was sold not long ago.)
La casa hace poco.
9. Fue escrito en español. (It was written in Spanish.)
en español.
10. Mucha basura fue recogida del mar. (A lot of garbage was collected from the sea.)
mucha basura del mar.
Example:
Picasso pintó el Guernica. (Picasso painted the Guernica)
El Guernica fue pintado por Picasso. (The Guernica was painted by Picasso)
1. La inundación destruyó muchas casas. (The flood destroyed a lot of houses.)
Muchas casas la inundación. (Lots of houses were destroyed by the flood.)
2. El director inaugura la nueva escuela. (The principal inaugurates the new school.)
La nueva escuela el director. (The new school is innaugurated by the principal.)
3. El personal de seguridad comprueba el equipaje. (The security staff checks the luggage.)
El equipaje el personal de seguridad. (The luggage is checked by the security staff.)
4. J.K. Rowling escribió los libros de "Harry Potter". (J.K. Rowling wrote "Harry Potter".)
Los libros de "Harry Potter" J.K. Rowling. ("Harry Potter" was written by J.K Rowling.)
5. Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen descubrió los rayos X. (Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen discovered the X-rays.)
Los rayos X Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen. (X-rays were discovered by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen.)
6. Paco limpia el piso. (Paco cleans up the flat.)
El piso Paco. (The flat is cleaned up by Paco.)
7. El cirujano operó a Antonio. (The surgeon operated on Antonio.)
Antonio el cirujano. (Antonio was operated by the surgeon.)
8. Los obreros construyen la casa. (The workers build the house.)
La casa los obreros. (The house is built by the workers.)
9. Steve Jobs fundó Apple. (Steve Jobs funded Apple.)
Apple Steve Jobs. (Apple was funded by Steve Jobs.)
10. Los ciudadanos eligen al gobierno. (The citizens elect the government.)
El gobierno los ciudadanos. (The government is elected by the citizens.)
Fill in the missing words
1. Ramón escribió una carta. (Ramón wrote a letter)
La carta Ramón. (The letter was written by Ramón)
2. Jorge hizo una tarta. (Jorge made a cake)
La tarta Jorge. (The cake was made by Jorge)
3. Mi hermana conducía el coche. (My sister was driving the car)
El coche mi hermana. (The car was driven by my sister)
4. Dos niños destrozaron el castillo de arena. (Two kids destroyed the sandcastle)
El castillo de arena dos niños. (The sandcastle was destroyed by two kids)
5. La noticia nos afectó a todos. (The news afected everyone)
Todos la noticia. (Everybody was affected by the news)
6. En China hacen juguetes. (They make toys in China)
Los juguetes en China. (Toys are made in China)
7. Blasco Ibañez escribió esta novela. (Blasco Ibañez wrote this novel)
Esta novela Blasco Ibañez (This novel was written by Blasco Ibañez)
8. Almodovar dirigió la película. (Almodovar directed the movie)
La película Almodovar. (The movie was directed by Almodovar)
9. Mi madre pintó el cuadro. (My mum did the painting)
El cuadro mi madre. (The painting was painted by my mum)
10. Unos turistas franceses alquilaron la casa. (Some French tourists rented the house)
La casa unos turistas franceses. (The house was rented by some French tourists)
Use the impersonal form
1. La casa fue construida en el año 1970. (The house was built in 1970.)
La casa en el año 1970.
2. Son fabricados en China. (They are made in China.)
en China.
3. Fue anunciado en TV. (It appeared on TV.)
en TV.
4. La carta fue enviada ayer. (The letter was sent yesterday.)
La carta ayer.
5. El coche fue comprado en Barcelona. (The car was bought in Barcelona.)
El coche en Barcelona.
6. La cena será celebrada el sábado. (The dinner will be celebrated on Saturday.)
La cena el sábado.
7. Mi trabajo será expuesto en la galería de arte. (My work will be exhibited at the art gallery.)
Mi trabajo en la galería de arte.
8. La casa fue vendida hace poco. (The house was sold not long ago.)
La casa hace poco.
9. Fue escrito en español. (It was written in Spanish.)
en español.
10. Mucha basura fue recogida del mar. (A lot of garbage was collected from the sea.)
mucha basura del mar.
Example:
Picasso pintó el Guernica. (Picasso painted the Guernica)
El Guernica fue pintado por Picasso. (The Guernica was painted by Picasso)
1. La inundación destruyó muchas casas. (The flood destroyed a lot of houses.)
Muchas casas la inundación. (Lots of houses were destroyed by the flood.)
2. El director inaugura la nueva escuela. (The principal inaugurates the new school.)
La nueva escuela el director. (The new school is innaugurated by the principal.)
3. El personal de seguridad comprueba el equipaje. (The security staff checks the luggage.)
El equipaje el personal de seguridad. (The luggage is checked by the security staff.)
4. J.K. Rowling escribió los libros de "Harry Potter". (J.K. Rowling wrote "Harry Potter".)
Los libros de "Harry Potter" J.K. Rowling. ("Harry Potter" was written by J.K Rowling.)
5. Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen descubrió los rayos X. (Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen discovered the X-rays.)
Los rayos X Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen. (X-rays were discovered by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen.)
6. Paco limpia el piso. (Paco cleans up the flat.)
El piso Paco. (The flat is cleaned up by Paco.)
7. El cirujano operó a Antonio. (The surgeon operated on Antonio.)
Antonio el cirujano. (Antonio was operated by the surgeon.)
8. Los obreros construyen la casa. (The workers build the house.)
La casa los obreros. (The house is built by the workers.)
9. Steve Jobs fundó Apple. (Steve Jobs funded Apple.)
Apple Steve Jobs. (Apple was funded by Steve Jobs.)
10. Los ciudadanos eligen al gobierno. (The citizens elect the government.)
El gobierno los ciudadanos. (The government is elected by the citizens.)
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Hi Everyone!
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Companies I have worked for and with include:
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My qualifications include:
-- MA in Scandinavian Languages from the University of Helsinki
-- BA in Finnish and European Studies with Swedish from University College London
-- Finnish National Certificate of Language Proficiency (YKI) in Finnish and Swedish
My approach is both academic and practical. Having studied both languages independently as well as at university level, I am intensely aware of the difficulties learners have. I clarify things in simple terms that the student can understand. I explain how things work and why to ensure the learner understands exactly what’s going on and can use it confidently. I give ample opportunity to practice it actively and passively in tailored lessons with games, music, videos, writing exercises, grammar drills and conversation.
I provide most learning material electronically from my expansive library, but also purchase physical copies of textbooks for students when possible and necessary.
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Celia has been a great tutor! She changes and shifts lessons to my specific needs and fosters a fun learning environment!
Celia S.
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Thank you so much, Madeline! You’re a great student and I’m super happy you enjoy our lessons as I do too! And you’re doing such a great work!
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English studies (Bachelor of Arts- Universidad Autonoma de Madrid)
8 years experience teaching in:
- schools (English as an extracurricular activity)
-language schools (all levels: children, teenagers and adults)
-companies (Business English)
-private lessons
-Trinity and Cambridge certifications: KET, PET, FIRST, ADVANCED, PROFICIENCY
Experience teaching online using ZOOM or SKYPE
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Yolanda C.
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Γεια σας. Hello!
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I have a deep appreciation of different learning styles and I am able to apply the corresponding teaching method to keep my students motivated and progressing at the right pace for them.
I use various teaching materials and I have also developed my own, based on my teaching experience in various settings and my academic background.
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There is a method that you can learn to write essays and short transactional pieces.
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Thank you so much for your kind words Clémence B.
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Thanks, Tile! :)
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I am Jérôme.
There has never been a better time to learn a foreign language. We all have a good reason to learn at least one: our job, our friend circle, our envy to travel.
I have been training professionals and students to speak fluently and confidently for 10 years. Their level has significantly improved. They have got very good results and evolved professionally and personally!
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If you want to speak English or French fluently too, do not hesitate to contact me! I am convinced that you will also have something to teach me!
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Hi Everyone!
My name is Kamila and I am your new Teacher of English!
I am:
- TEFL qualified (Teaching English as a Foreign Language)
- highly educated (Master's Degree in English Studies)
- experienced (over 10 years of teaching)
With me YOU will learn:
- English from ZERO to HERO
- to SPEAK fluently
- to WRITE and not make errors
- to LISTEN to understand
- to READ with pleasure
- useful VOCABULARY
- simple and advanced GRAMMAR
You will become a master in CONVERSATIONS and a star at work using BUSINESS ENGLISH!
I offer:
- personalized lessons - learn what you LIKE most
- carefully designed lesson plans - learn what you NEED most
- authentic materials - learn REAL ENGLISH
- communicative and engaging tasks meeting your EXPECTATIONS
- positive energy, enthusiasm and PASSION
Learn with me today!
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Kamila is an experienced English teacher. She customises your English courses according your demands and your level. She adds pictures in grammar lessons to keep students interested and has structured courses. She is nice and smiling person, you will spend a great English lesson with her.
This review was written by a coLanguage team member during a manual screening of this teacher profile.
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I’m a Finnish language trainer in Helsinki, and I offer one-to-one lessons for people learning either language. I have four years’ experience teaching adults from all around the world with various backgrounds and vastly different levels, skills and individual difficulties.
Companies I have worked for and with include:
- Cartus
- EF Hult
- Kieliavain
- Nordea
- Metso
- Vaisala
- Stora Enso
My qualifications include:
-- MA in Scandinavian Languages from the University of Helsinki
-- BA in Finnish and European Studies with Swedish from University College London
-- Finnish National Certificate of Language Proficiency (YKI) in Finnish and Swedish
My approach is both academic and practical. Having studied both languages independently as well as at university level, I am intensely aware of the difficulties learners have. I clarify things in simple terms that the student can understand. I explain how things work and why to ensure the learner understands exactly what’s going on and can use it confidently. I give ample opportunity to practice it actively and passively in tailored lessons with games, music, videos, writing exercises, grammar drills and conversation.
I provide most learning material electronically from my expansive library, but also purchase physical copies of textbooks for students when possible and necessary.
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Michael is a skilled teacher with experience both with children and adults. He gained a lot of experience teaching to different kind of students, being very flexible and tailoring the classes to their needs and requests. The quality of Michael's learning materials is really good, he adapts them according to what is needed.
This review was written by a coLanguage team member during a manual screening of this teacher profile.
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This review was written by a coLanguage team member during a manual screening of this teacher profile.
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Hello! My name is Celia and I´m a Spanish tutor from Alcala de Henares, Madrid (Spain). I work as a professional musician and as a teacher. I´m an open minded person and I´m looking forward to teaching you Spanish! I like giving a different approach to my classes so that they are enjoyable and fun. Fall in love with my native language!
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Celia has been a great tutor! She changes and shifts lessons to my specific needs and fosters a fun learning environment!
Celia S.
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Thank you so much, Madeline! You’re a great student and I’m super happy you enjoy our lessons as I do too! And you’re doing such a great work!
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