English nouns
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Lesson outline
HideWhat are nouns?
Nouns are words used to refer or identify people, animals, qualities, things, places, and ideas. Majority of nouns have no gender with only a few easily detectable exceptions we will explore here. In this page, we will summarize the main noun rules, types, and ways to form them.
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Nouns examples
| Type | Example |
|---|---|
| People | Inna bought this last night. |
| Animal | Cats are interesting creatures. |
| Qualities | This champagne is of the highest quality. |
| Things | Put it on the table. |
| Places | Let's go to New York soon! |
| Ideas | Breaking the rules is bad. |
Gender of nouns
While in many other languages gender distinctions are obligatory for grammatical correctness for a majority of the English nouns there is no distinction between them. However, there are few exceptions of nouns that can only identify a male, female or neutral gender.
Gender of nouns list
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|
| Man | Woman | Person |
| Father | Mother | Parent |
| Grandfather | Grandmother | Grandparent |
| Son | Daughter | Child |
| Brother | Sister | Relative |
| Boy | Girl | Child |
| Uncle | Aunt | - |
| Husband | Wife | Spouse |
| Nephew | Niece | Child of your brother/sister |
| King | Queen | Royalty |
| Prince | Princess | Royalty |
| Actor | Actress | Artist |
| Waiter | Waitress | Server |
Forming nouns
Without prior practice or knowledge of the English language, it might be harder to identify nouns or form different versions of them. Through the use of prefixes and suffixes, one can easily identify them in a text.
Prefixes
| Prefix | Use | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Re- | When something repeats | Re-examination |
| Anti- | When something is against | Antidote, antihero |
| Pre- | When something was in the past | Prehistory, predetermination |
| Mis- | When something is wrong or there's a mistake | Miscommunication, misuse |
| Co- | When there is a union between things | Co-owner, cooperation |
| Under- | When something is not enough | Undervalue, understatement |
| Out- | When something is more or higher than other | Outperformance |
| Inter- | When something is between things | Interface, interaction |
| Over- | When something is too much | Overbooking |
| Trans- | When something crosses or goes above | Transatlantic, transparent |
While these prefixes are very commonly used there are many more used to form nouns.
Suffixes
Suffixes are also an extremely helpful way to form nouns to describe professions, people, emotions, states.
The ones used to determine professions are the suffixes "-er", "-or" and "-eer" .
- Law: lawyer
- Act: actor
- Engine: engineer
The ones tused to specify or describe a type of person are the suffixes, - "ist", "-ster", and "-ee".
- Column: columnist
- Mob: mobster
- Refuge: refugee
| Suffix | Use | Example |
|---|---|---|
| -ism | To talk about policies, doctrines | Nationalism, totalitarianism |
| -age | To form abstract nouns, much variability | Mileage, bondage, wreckage |
| -ness | To talk about a state or quality | Happiness, darkness |
| -hood | To talk about a collective | Motherhood, neighborhood |
| -ship | To indicate a skill, state or rank | Relationship, leadership |
| -ry | To turn a verb into a noun | Robbery, bakery |
| -ment | To turn an action into noun | Development, acknowledgment |
Types of nouns
1. Singular and plural nouns
Singular nouns are used to refer or identify only one person, animal, quality, thing, place, or an idea. They provide the stem based on which a plural noun can be formed. Through the use of several prefixes and suffixes, most of the plural nouns are formed with the presence of few exceptions and irregular nouns. For the full list visit our lesson page.
Examples:
| Singular | Plural | Exception |
|---|---|---|
| Wife | Wives | Chefs |
| Datum | Data | Sheep |
| Party | Parties | Species |
| Crutch | Crutches | Children |
2. Countable and uncountable nouns
Countable nouns are used for words that can be counted. They can easily be identified by the determiners placed before them. Uncountable nouns are used for words that can't be counted through the use of numbers and generally are seen as a whole. Determiners and articles help us identify the type of measurement used for the noun.
Examples:
- I have a tip for you.
- There is nothing wrong with your computer.
- You need to add a pinch of salt to it.
- Do you need some help with that?
3. Proper and common nouns
Common nouns are non-capitalized generic nouns. The only time they are written with a capital letter is if they are at the beginning of the sentence. Proper nouns are used to refer to something very specific that can stand on it's own and are always capitalized.
- Do you want some coffee?
- Have you ever been to a mountain?
- Monday is my least favorite day of the week.
- I went on a cruise on the Rhine river last year.
Exercises
English noun gender exercise
For a majority of the English nouns, there is no gender. However, there are few exceptions of nouns that can only identify as male or female.
You need to write the opposite gender noun in the blank spaces.
1. Wife -
2. Man -
3. Boy -
4. Princess -
5. Actress -
6. Son -
7. Sister-
8. Uncle -
9. Waiter -
10. Queen -
Exercises
English noun gender exercise
For a majority of the English nouns, there is no gender. However, there are few exceptions of nouns that can only identify as male or female.
You need to write the opposite gender noun in the blank spaces.
1. Wife -
2. Man -
3. Boy -
4. Princess -
5. Actress -
6. Son -
7. Sister-
8. Uncle -
9. Waiter -
10. Queen -
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I'm Elena and I am here to support your learning journey while having interesting and funny conversations. My intention is to teach with kindness and positive energy using creative and entertaining approaches based on your needs and interests. I love teaching kids and youngsters: I will bring my puppets and my magic box full of surprises!
About me:
I am a friendly, energetic person who enjoys cooking (and eating), spending time in nature, going to places and dancing. I seek to learn new things and celebrate the small moments of every day.
Going frequently abroad on Erasmus Projects and volunteering for an NGO in Romania and Slovenia has given me the opportunity to embrace the diversity and beauty of different cultures. All these experiences have shaped my journey and took me to amazing places. If you are curious about traveling, volunteering, ways to give back to the community, healthy living, we can definitely integrate that in our lessons!
Me as a teacher
With a degree in Romanian and English Language and Literature and a Teacher Formation I will adapt my teaching methods to your learning style and celebrate your progress every step of the way! As a former kindergarten teacher, I will receive you with patience and empathy, opening a space for you to feel supported, listened to and cared for. Beyond the process of sharing information, I believe it is about the connection and the
environment we create together.
During the 1st session, we will talk about your intentions, goals and your current language level. I am happy to work with beginner learners, as well as advanced speakers. I can help you develop your conversation skills for everyday use, integrating grammar and vocabulary in a fun and effective way. I can also give you guidance for academic work, job interviews, writing skills.
Teaching materials: Flashcards, Virtual Treasure Hunts, Games, Quizzes, Puppet Show
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I graduated English Language and then obtained Master Degree in Human Resources Management, even though apparently not closely connected, both fields require long hours, patience and care.
I have experience in teaching students on different learning levels and various topics, but with the expertise in Business English.
I believe in a strong communication between a teacher and students. I always tend to ensure the interactive teaching methods and encourage students to feel free to ask questions and express their ideas.
I am offering my dedication, enthusiasm and persistence.
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M. M.
Carl is an experienced teacher. He provides personalized lessons and learning materials. He teaches all ages.
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Thanks Mei-Lin, it was a joy having you in class.
Hello!
I'm Elena and I am here to support your learning journey while having interesting and funny conversations. My intention is to teach with kindness and positive energy using creative and entertaining approaches based on your needs and interests. I love teaching kids and youngsters: I will bring my puppets and my magic box full of surprises!
About me:
I am a friendly, energetic person who enjoys cooking (and eating), spending time in nature, going to places and dancing. I seek to learn new things and celebrate the small moments of every day.
Going frequently abroad on Erasmus Projects and volunteering for an NGO in Romania and Slovenia has given me the opportunity to embrace the diversity and beauty of different cultures. All these experiences have shaped my journey and took me to amazing places. If you are curious about traveling, volunteering, ways to give back to the community, healthy living, we can definitely integrate that in our lessons!
Me as a teacher
With a degree in Romanian and English Language and Literature and a Teacher Formation I will adapt my teaching methods to your learning style and celebrate your progress every step of the way! As a former kindergarten teacher, I will receive you with patience and empathy, opening a space for you to feel supported, listened to and cared for. Beyond the process of sharing information, I believe it is about the connection and the
environment we create together.
During the 1st session, we will talk about your intentions, goals and your current language level. I am happy to work with beginner learners, as well as advanced speakers. I can help you develop your conversation skills for everyday use, integrating grammar and vocabulary in a fun and effective way. I can also give you guidance for academic work, job interviews, writing skills.
Teaching materials: Flashcards, Virtual Treasure Hunts, Games, Quizzes, Puppet Show
M. M.
Elena has experience in teaching to children and adults. She is very flexible, she adjusts her classes to you and your needs. Furthermore, all her teaching methods are very inactive. She can teach English to all levels from A1 to C2. You'll surely learn a lot from her!
This review was written by a coLanguage team member during a manual screening of this teacher profile.
Elena Gabriela I.
French lessons with a qualified teacher (for children, teenagers, adults)
M. M.
Laurie has been working since 2016. She teaches French from the levels A1 until C1. Her learning materials are very interactive, games, quizzes, videos etc. You will surely learn a lot from her!
This review was written by a coLanguage team member during a manual screening of this teacher profile.
Laurie G.
Hello!
My name is Jasmina Maksić. First to say - I love teaching!
There’s nothing more satisfying than influencing and changing lives by sharing your knowledge and experience.
I graduated English Language and then obtained Master Degree in Human Resources Management, even though apparently not closely connected, both fields require long hours, patience and care.
I have experience in teaching students on different learning levels and various topics, but with the expertise in Business English.
I believe in a strong communication between a teacher and students. I always tend to ensure the interactive teaching methods and encourage students to feel free to ask questions and express their ideas.
I am offering my dedication, enthusiasm and persistence.
“Not all superheroes wear capes, some have teaching degrees!“
See you!
M. M.
Jasmina has taught to all ages, she specializes in teaching to adults. She has spent a lot of time in business environments, this means that she is the ideal person to help you learn business language. She teaches Serbian and English levels from A1 to C1.
This review was written by a coLanguage team member during a manual screening of this teacher profile.
Jasmina M.