Third conjugation in Italian (verbs ending in -ire)
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In Italian all verbs that belong to the third conjugation end in -ire.
Some regular verbs in Italian that belong to this conjugation are dormire (to sleep), sentire (to feel), partire (to leave), mentire (to lie), vestire (to wear), inseguire (to chase).
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Despite being regular verbs, some verbs of the third conjugation have peculiarities.
Here are the main peculiarities:
Some verbs of the third conjugation form the participio presente (present participle) in two ways: with the ending -ente or with the ending -iente.
Examples: dorm-ente and dorm-iente
Other verbs only present the form in -iente.
Examples: obbed-iente, nutr-iente
Here is a chart with some forms of the participio presente:
Infinito | Participio presente |
---|---|
Capire (to understand) | capente |
Consentire (to permit/to allow) | consenziente |
Nutrire (to feed) | nutriente |
Patire (to suffer) | paziente |
Sentire (to feel) | senziente |
Ubbidire/obbedire (to obey) | ubbidiente/obbediente |
Venire (to come) | veniente |
In some cases many verbs of the third conjugation such as capire (to understand), finire (to finish), sparire (to disappear), obbedire (to obey), percepire (to perceive) add isc between the root and the ending.
This happens for:
1. the 1st, 2nd, 3rd person singular and 3rd person plural of the presente indicativo and congiuntivo presente;
2. the 2nd, 3rd person singular and 3rd person plural of the imperativo presente
Examples:
Indicativo presente | Congiuntivo presente | Imperativo presente |
---|---|---|
Io capisco | Che io capisca | / |
Tu capisci | Che tu capisca | Capisci |
Egli/Ella capisce | Che egli/ella capisca | Capisca |
Noi capiamo | Che noi capiamo | Capiamo |
Voi capite | Che voi capiate | Capite |
Essi/Esse capiscono | Che essi/esse capiscano | Capiscano |
Some verbs such as applaudire (to clap), mentire (to lie), nutrire (to feed), partire (to divide) con have both forms: with or without isc.
Examples: io applaudo, io applaudisco
The verb cucire (to sew) is conjugated by adding an i between the root and the endings that begin with a and o.
Examples: io cuc-i-o (I sew), noi cuc-i-amo (we sew).
Here is the conjugation for regular verbs of the third conjugation.
Example servire (to serve)
Presente | Passato prossimo | Imperfetto | Trapassato prossimo | Passato remoto | Trapassato remoto | Futuro semplice | Futuro anteriore | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Io | servo | ho servito | servivo | avevo servito | servii | ebbi servito | servirò | avrò servito |
Tu | servi | hai servito | servivi | avevi servito | servisti | avesti servito | servirai | avrai servito |
Egli/Ella | serve | ha servito | serviva | aveva servito | servì | ebbe servito | servirà | avrà servito |
Noi | serviamo | abbiamo servito | servivamo | avevamo servito | servimmo | avemmo servito | serviremo | avremo servito |
Voi | servite | avete servito | servivate | avevate servito | serviste | aveste servito | servirete | avrete servito |
Essi/Esse | servono | hanno servito | servivano | avevano servito | servirono | ebbero servito | serviranno | avranno servito |
Presente | Passato | Imperfetto | Trapassato | |
---|---|---|---|---|
(Che) io | serva | abbia servito | servissi | avessi servito |
(Che) tu | serva | abbia servito | servissi | avessi servito |
(Che) egli/ella | serva | abbia servito | servisse | avesse servito |
(Che) noi | serviamo | abbiamo servito | servissimo | avessimo servito |
(Che) voi | serviate | abbiate servito | serviste | aveste servito |
(Che) essi/esse | servano | abbiano servito | servissero | avessero servito |
Presente | Passato | |
---|---|---|
Io | servirei | avrei servito |
Tu | serviresti | avresti servito |
Egli/Ella | servirebbe | avrebbe servito |
Noi | serviremmo | avremmo servito |
Voi | servireste | avreste servito |
Essi/Esse | servirebbero | avrebbero servito |
Presente | |
---|---|
Io | / |
Tu | servi |
Egli/Ella | serva |
Noi | serviamo |
Voi | servite |
Essi/Esse | servano |
Presente | Passato |
---|---|
servire | avere servito |
Presente | Passato |
---|---|
servente | servito |
Presente | Passato |
---|---|
servendo | avendo servito |
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1 Conjugation of dormire (to sleep) in Italian | A lesson on the Italian verb dormire (to sleep) |
2 Conjugation of sentire (to hear, to feel) in Italian | A lesson on the Italian verb sentire |
3 Conjugation of partire (to leave) in Italian | A lesson on the Italian verb partire (to leave) |