Past participle in Italian
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The participio passato is the past tense of the Italian participle mood.
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It is very frequently used in Italian, and it usually has:
It refers to a concluded action and it is made up through the -ato, -uto o -ito endings, instead of the infinitive -are, -ere, -ire.
Gender and Number | Root + Ending |
---|---|
Masculine and feminine singular | -to/a = am-ato/a (loved), cred-uto/a (believed), serv-ito/a (served) |
Masculine and feminine plural | -ti/e = am-ati/e (loved ones), cred-uti/e (believed ones), serv-iti/e (served ones) |
Remember! In intransitive verb conjugations (with essere as auxiliary), the endings of the past participle must fit the gender and the number of the noun they are referring to:
e.g. Egli è amato (He is loved); Ella è amata (She is loved);
Essi sono amati (We are loved); Esse sono amate (They are loved).
The participio passato is full of irregular forms.
Below, you will find the Italian past participle list of the main irregular verbs.
Infinitive | Participle present | Participle past | Passato prossimo (3rd singular) |
---|---|---|---|
Dare (to give) | - | dato | ha dato |
fare (to do) | facente | fatto | ha fatto |
stare (to stay) | stante | stato* | è stato/a |
accendere (to switch on) | accend-ènte | acceso | ha acceso |
bere (to drink) | bev-ènte | bev-uto | ha bevuto |
chiedere (to ask) | chied-ènte | chiesto | ha chiesto |
chiudere (to close) | chiud-ènte | chiuso | ha chiuso |
cogliere (to catch) | cogl-iènte | colto | ha colto |
conoscere (to know) | conosc-ènte | conosc-iuto | ha conosciuto |
correggere (to correct) | corregg-ènte | corretto | ha corretto - è corretto/a |
correre (to run) | corr-ente | corso | ha corso - è corso/a |
cuocere (to cook) | cocènte | còtto | ha cotto - è cotto/a |
decidere (to decide) | decid-ènte | deciso | ha deciso |
dipingere (to paint) | diping-ènte | dipinto | ha dipinto |
esistere (to exist) | esist-ènte | esistito | è esistito |
leggere (to read) | legg-ènte | letto | ha letto |
mettere (to put) | mett-ènte | messo | ha messo |
muovere (to move) | movènte | mosso | ha mosso |
perdere (to loose) | perd-ènte | perso | ha perso |
prendere (to take) | prend-ènte | preso | ha preso |
ridere (to laugh) | rid-ènte | riso | ha riso |
rispondere (to answer) | rispond-ènte | risposto | ha risposto |
vedere (to see) | ved-ènte | visto | ha visto |
vivere (to live) | viv-ente | vissuto | ha vissuto |
apparire (to appear) | appar-ènte | apparso | è apparso/a |
aprire (to open) | aprente | aperto | ha aperto |
dire (to say) | dicènte | detto | ha detto |
dormire (to sleep) | dorm-iente | dorm-ito | ha dormito |
morire (to die) | mor-ènte | morto | è morto/a |
offrire (to offer) | offerènte | offerto | ha offerto |
salire (to go up) | sal-ènte | salito | ha salito - è salito/a |
udire (to hear) | ud-ènte | udito | ha udito |
uscire (to exit) | usc-ènte | uscito | è uscito/a |
essere (to be) | (essènte, ènte) | stato* | è stato/a |
avere (to have) | avènte | avuto | ha avuto |
* Careful! As you can notice, the past participles of essere (to be) and of stare (to stay) are the same. This is because of their meaning and their usage among the speaker:
e.g. Io sono stato male (I was bad) vs. Io non sono stato a casa ieri (I didn't stay at home last night).
As we said, the participio passato in Italian can have both a verbal than a nominal value.
The nominal value is typical of the present participle, while the past participle is mainly typified by the verbal value.
Therefore, it is important to keep in mind that:
Past participle values | Example | Translation |
---|---|---|
Nominal | In questo cimitero sono sepolti i caduti in guerra. | The fallen in war are buried in this graveyard. |
Adjectival | Il sentiero davanti a noi era coperto di foglie morte. | The path before us was covered with dead leaves. |
Verbal (passive with transitive verb) | Vista la situazione, i ragazzi tornarono svelti a casa. | Given the situation, the boys went home quickly. |
Verbal (active with intransitive verb) | Corso davanti alla porta, il cane cominciò ad abbaiare. | When the dog came before the door, it started to bark. |
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I am a multilingual teacher with experience in teaching French to German, Japanese, English, Bulgarian and Italian-speaking students, etc. (levels A1 to C1).
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Buongiorno gente!
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Are you seeking a friendly and dynamic study environment ? I got what you need. I am looking forward to being in touch with new students and organize pleasant, interesting and fruitful courses.
Do you wish to learn or improve your Italian to speak with your parents or friends? Do you need Italian for work or study ? Do you simply love Italian language and culture ? Do you need to improve your writing skills ?
My classes are tailored on your needs and considering your level of knowledge, I create a proper course plan. Classes focus on language and on the possibility for you to improve your ability to speak and understand Italian in your daily life or in work.
I offer 1-to-1 or 2-to-1 tuition, general Italian courses (grammar, conversation, listening, reading and writing), preparation to Italian examinations (all levels, also Italian for residence permit) and Italian and culture courses.
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I have worked with children, adolescents and adults for all levels of Italian, from beginner to advanced. I have experience in preparing students to international certification (CILS, PLIDA). I was an A2/B1 Telc examiner.
Learning Italian can be closely related to culture, literature, music, sport and any other interest of my students.
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Hello, everybody ! My name is Elena. I’m a native Italian speaker, I’m 49 years old and live in Turin. I am a certified CEDILS teacher, I graduated in Foreign Languages and Literature in Milan and have been working as a teacher of Italian for more than 10 years. I speak English and German. I attended specialization courses for Italian L2 teachers and I am interviewer for C1 PLIDA exam.
Are you seeking a friendly and dynamic study environment ? I got what you need. I am looking forward to being in touch with new students and organize pleasant, interesting and fruitful courses.
Do you wish to learn or improve your Italian to speak with your parents or friends? Do you need Italian for work or study ? Do you simply love Italian language and culture ? Do you need to improve your writing skills ?
My classes are tailored on your needs and considering your level of knowledge, I create a proper course plan. Classes focus on language and on the possibility for you to improve your ability to speak and understand Italian in your daily life or in work.
I offer 1-to-1 or 2-to-1 tuition, general Italian courses (grammar, conversation, listening, reading and writing), preparation to Italian examinations (all levels, also Italian for residence permit) and Italian and culture courses.
Grammar, vocabulary exercises, reading articles and magazines and talking together are all tools to feel at ease with the Italian language and then be able to practice it.
I have worked with children, adolescents and adults for all levels of Italian, from beginner to advanced. I have experience in preparing students to international certification (CILS, PLIDA). I was an A2/B1 Telc examiner.
Learning Italian can be closely related to culture, literature, music, sport and any other interest of my students.
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She speaks so softly and understandable. Always cooperating with the student. I'd recommend her especially for grammar studies.
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Hello my name is Lucia and I am a native Italian speaker.
I have a degree as an interpreter for English and French so I know how hard it may be to learn a foreign language. I work as a free-lance interpreter and private English and French teacher. I have a strong passion for languages which I have been studying for many years. I am studying Spanish now and always trying to improve my English and French knowledge. I am a friendly person and my lessons mainly focus on conversation. As a teacher I am very patient and I always propose tailor-made lessons with respect to your needs. I am really enthusiastic about being a teacher because this activity allows you to share your culture and habits with foreign people. Learning a language is also learning a new culture.
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Ciao! My name is Mauro, I am native Italian from Calabria! I am a very passionate teacher, I love to share my language and my knowledge about Italy, and its culture, films, music, literature, arts, food!!! I firmly believe that learning is based on trust between teacher and student, and the first objective of my classes is to individuate student's objectives and preferences. My teaching methodology is integrated: I think that it is important to work on all of linguistic abilities: oral and writing comprehension and production. I also think that lessons must be as much as fun as possible, and I use a lot of authentic material: songs, films, cooking recipes, newspapers, advertising and so on...
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