Dative case (3. Fall) in German
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Lesson outline
Hide- 1.What is the nominative case in German?
- 2.Declension of the dative case
- 2.1.Table of declension of the article and the noun in the dative case
- 2.2.Table of pronouns in the dative case
- 3.How do you use the dative case in German?
- 3.1.As the indirect object of the verb
- 3.2.With dative verbs
- 3.3.With prepositions
- 3.4.With verbs of location and contracted prepositions
- 4.Exercises
- 4.1.Exercise of the German dative
- 4.2.Exercise of the German dative
What is the nominative case in German?
The dative case in German is an indirect object in the sentence and forms the answer to the questions:
wem? - whom?
A dative can be
- a person
- a pronoun
- (rarely) an object
Here are some examples.
| Example | Question (Wem?) | Answer |
|---|---|---|
| Ich gebe meiner Schwester den Schüssel. - I give the key to my sister. | Wem gebe ich den Schlüssel? - To whom do I give the key. | meiner Schwester - to my sister |
| Peter schenkt seiner Frau eine Uhr. - Peter gives his wife a watch. | Wem schenkt Peter eine Uhr? - To whom does Peter give a watch. | seiner Frau - his wife |
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Declension of the dative case
The nouns in the dative case remain unchanged except in the plural, where most of the nouns take the ending -n / -en.
In dative, weak and mixed masculine nouns always take the suffix -n / -en both in the singular and in the plural, as well as in the accusative. Let's have a look into the course about the N-declension and verbs/adjectives as nouns.
The nouns that use -s in plural do not take the -n / -en suffix in the plural.
Table of declension of the article and the noun in the dative case
In this table you can find several examples for the declension of noun and their articles in the different genders. In addition, there are some examples of adjectives that accompany a noun in the dative case.
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| With a definite article | dem Mann | der Frau | dem Kind | den Leuten |
| With an indefinite article | einem Mann | einer Frau | einem Kind | Leuten |
| With a definite article + adjective | dem guten Mann | der schönen Frau | dem jungen Kind | den alten Leuten |
| With an indefinite article + article | einem guten Mann | einer schönen Frau | einem jungen Kind | alten Leuten |
Translation
- dem guten Mann - the good man
- der schöne Frau - the beautiful women
- dem jungen Kind - the young child
- den alten Leute - the old people
Remember: there is no indefinite article in Plural.
Table of pronouns in the dative case
The table shows the declination of pronouns in the dative case.
| Type of person | Pronoun |
|---|---|
| First person singular | mir - me |
| Second person singular | dir - you |
| Third person singular (masculine, feminine, neuter) | ihm/ihr/ihm - him/her/it |
| First person plural | uns - us |
| Second person plural | euch - you |
| Third person plural | ihnen / Ihnen - them |
How do you use the dative case in German?
There are three different situations when to use the dative case.
- As the indirect object of the verb
- With dative verbs
- With prepositions
- With verbs of location and contracted prepositions
As the indirect object of the verb
In English the indirect object (dative) is often expressed by the preposition to and for. In addition, there are some verbs in German, that use the dative case as an indirect object of the verb and the accusative case as the direct object of the verb.
This table shows verbs that are frequently used with direct and indirect objects. Here the dative cases are highlighted.
| Verb + Translation | Example |
|---|---|
| zeigen - to show | Lukas zeigt Laura das Bild. - Lukas shows Laura the picture. |
| sagen - to say, to tell | Meine Tochter sagt mir immer die Wahrheit. - My daughter always tells me the truth. |
| schicken - to send | Du schickst mir einen Brief. - You send me a letter. |
| kaufen - to buy | Sie kauft ihrer Schwester ein Auto. - She buys a car for her mother. |
| holen - to get | Ich hole meinen Bruder das Glas. - I am getting the glas for my brother. |
| geben - to give | Ich gebe dir einen Ratschlag. - I'll give you a piece of advice. |
| bringen - to bring, take | Er bringt seiner Freundin Blumen. - He brings flowers to his girlfriend. |
With dative verbs
There are some German verbs that only take the dative object. Let's have a look into this table.
| Verb + Translation | Example |
|---|---|
| folgen - to follow | Der Hund folgt seinem Herrchen. - The dog follows his master. |
| gefallen - to like, be pleasing | Das gefällt mir. - I like that. |
| gehören - to belong | Dieses Buch gehört meiner Mutter. - This book belongs to my mother. |
| helfen - to help | Der Lehrer hilft den Studenten. - The teacher helps the students. |
| danken - to thank (for) | Ich danke Ihnen. - Thank you (formal). |
| antworten - to answer/respond | Der Schüler antwortet dem Lehrer. - The student answers the teacher. |
With prepositions
This table shows preposition that usually use the dative case.
| Preposition | Example |
|---|---|
| aus - from | Ich komme aus der Türkei. - I am from turkey. |
| zu - to | Von Montag bis Freitag muss Lisa zur Schule gehen. - From Monday to Friday Lisa has to go to school. |
| nach - after | Nach dem Sport esse ich. - After sports I eat. |
| mit - with | Morgen gehe ich mit meinen Freunden ins Schwimmbad. - Tomorrow I will go to the pool with my friends. |
| bei - at | Mein Vater arbeitet bei der Polizei. - My father works at the police. |
| von - from/by | Das Geschenk ist von meiner Mutter. - The present is from my mother. |
| seit - since/for | Ich wohne seit einem Jahr in Paris. - I have been living in Paris for a year. |
| außer - but | Außer mir mögen alle Kichererbsen. - Everyone likes chickpeas but me. |
With verbs of location and contracted prepositions
There are contracted prepositions (prepositions + article) that are used in the dative case and additionally expresses a position, location or a motion within a fixed location. These prepositions can answer the question wo? - in what place?/where?
Be careful: Verbs of movement + contracted prepositions always require the accusative case.
Here is a list of verbs that express position, location or a motion within a fixed location.
- hängen - to hang
- wohnen - to live
- stehen - to stand
- sitzen - to sit
- liegen - to lie
- stecken - to stick
This table shows you examples of prepositions + dative case. Keep in mind: a contracted prepositions is not always required, only if the dative definite article dem or das is used.
| Preposition | Example |
|---|---|
| an - at | Die Mutter steht am (an + dem) Herd. - The mother is at the stove. |
| auf - on, in | Der Affe sitzt auf dem Baum. - The monkey is on the tree. |
| hinter - behind | Wir wohnem hinterm (hinter + dem) Berg. - We live behind the mountain. |
| in - in | Ich stehe im (in + dem) Garten. - I stand in the garden. |
| neben - beside/ next to | Ich sitze neben meinem besten Freund. - I am sitting next to my best friend. |
| über - over, above | Das Hufeisen hängt über der Tür. - The horsehoe hangs over the door. |
| unter - under, below | Der Hund liegt unterm (unter + dem) Bett. - The dog is lying under the bed. |
| vor - in front of, before | Die Zeitung liegt vor der Tür. - The newspaper is in front of the door. |
| zwischen - between | Das Buch liegt zwischen mir und dir. - The book is lying between you and me. |
Exercises
Exercise of the German dative
Solution
Ich helfe ... Mann
dem
Hast du ... Frau gedankt?
der
Ich glaube ... Kind.
dem
Das Haus gehört ... Arzt.
dem
Er antwortet ... Mädchen nicht.
dem
Das Bild gefällt ... Mutter.
der
Er hilft ... Lehrer.
dem
Ist er mit ... Frau noch zusammen?
der
Der Ball gehört ... Kind.
dem
Ich komme mit ... Zug.
dem
Exercise of the German dative
Fill in the missing definite and indefinite articles in the dative case!
1. It belongs to the woman. = Es gehört Frau.
2. I believe the man. = Ich glaube Mann.
3. The dog is following a woman. = Der Hund folgt Frau.
4. He comes from Turkey. = Sie kommt aus Türkei.
5. We thank a woman. = Wir danken Frau.
6. Is your mother coming by car? = Kommt deine Mutter mit Auto?
7. I'm helping a child. Ich helfe Kind.
8. The hat is liked by the woman. = Der Hut gefällt Frau.
9. They give water to a dog. = Sie geben Hund Wasser.
10. The car belongs to an architect. = Das Haus gehört Architekt.
Exercises
Exercise of the German dative
Solution
Ich helfe ... Mann
dem
Hast du ... Frau gedankt?
der
Ich glaube ... Kind.
dem
Das Haus gehört ... Arzt.
dem
Er antwortet ... Mädchen nicht.
dem
Das Bild gefällt ... Mutter.
der
Er hilft ... Lehrer.
dem
Ist er mit ... Frau noch zusammen?
der
Der Ball gehört ... Kind.
dem
Ich komme mit ... Zug.
dem
Exercise of the German dative
Fill in the missing definite and indefinite articles in the dative case!
1. It belongs to the woman. = Es gehört Frau.
2. I believe the man. = Ich glaube Mann.
3. The dog is following a woman. = Der Hund folgt Frau.
4. He comes from Turkey. = Sie kommt aus Türkei.
5. We thank a woman. = Wir danken Frau.
6. Is your mother coming by car? = Kommt deine Mutter mit Auto?
7. I'm helping a child. Ich helfe Kind.
8. The hat is liked by the woman. = Der Hut gefällt Frau.
9. They give water to a dog. = Sie geben Hund Wasser.
10. The car belongs to an architect. = Das Haus gehört Architekt.
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My teaching method is based on the Communicative language teaching approach, which is student centered and focused on the functional aspects of the language. In this approach the student is encouraged to use English since day one, no matter what his level is!
I'm able to help the student to improve his vocabulary, his grammar knowledge and pronunciation.Given my work experience in different fields, I'm confident that I can help the student with business English and preparing fo job interviews as well.
I will use both original and published materials and I will adapt them to the student's level, goals and interests. The lessons will be prepared ahead and I'll give the student some homework to do between the sessions if he wishes.
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My name is Christina and I provide German & French language lesson for children and adult beginners or intermediate who want to strengthen their language skills, improve the grammar knowledge, enrich the vocabulary and get into the German culture! I can teach in English or French!
I had experince in teaching German, English and French to foreign people so I do have a lot of useful learning material I can provide you to make it easier!
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Thank you dear Luke
I am French living in Lisbon in Portugal. I have lived in different countries such as England, the United States and India. It gave me some experience of learning a foreign language and teaching it.
I am passionate about different cultures and try to share my love for French culture with you in a lively way.
I adapt to the needs of the students, whether to improve their oral, written, prepare for an exam or a job interview. I prioritize the conversation to allow the student to "unblock" and have fun speaking the language. I write down the vocabulary and grammar that the student lacks to express himself.
Learning a foreign language is, in my view, above all through cultural curiosity. We want to learn a language because we want to live in the country, travel there or get to know it better. We feel attracted. It is its Culture that motivates us in our learning: music, film, text, literature, way of being and cultural differences forming "another world". This means that learning is not just about learning a list of words and grammar lessons, as is taught too often in school. Practice again and again through conversation, books, music, movies and above all the pleasure of speaking and listening.
I adapt the student's personal work according to their available time and their objective (conversation, deadline for an exam, scheduled trip, etc.).
I am at your disposal for any further information.
See you soon,
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I will support you during your learning experience and adapt to your learning tempo.
All learning materials and exercises are included and will be provided during the lesson.
The learning material is from various books (Schritte International, Menschen, Sicher im Alltag und Beruf, Begegnungen,...).
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Hallo :) My name is Mihaela and I was born in Switzerland. I have a Bachleor and Master degree as German teacher and more then 5 years experience.
I love languages, because of that I speak also Croatian and English. :)
- ABOUT THE CLASS -
I offer German language lessons for A1, A2, B1, B2 level and they include everything you need: grammar, speaking, writing, pronunciation and vocabulary.
This is ideal for students who want actively participate and speak more, learn new words and exercise the grammar. Or we can learn whatever you need, because I will always adapt to your needs. :)
I will support you during your learning experience and adapt to your learning tempo.
All learning materials and exercises are included and will be provided during the lesson.
The learning material is from various books (Schritte International, Menschen, Sicher im Alltag und Beruf, Begegnungen,...).
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After training as a pastry chef and studying business administration, I traveled a lot and discovered my interest in languages. To find out more about teaching languages, I decided on further training at the Goethe Institute and completed it. During the Goethe Institute "Learn to teach German" course I was able to give individual language lessons and actively support the examination preparation for the Goethe certificate.
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Hello, my name is Katerina und I’m a qualified German teacher with 8 years teaching experience.
I would like to help you to master the German language. You will get your personal online lesson via Skype.
If you are interested in learning this world language, just contact me –
I’m looking forward to getting to know you!
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Dear Edivania, thank you for the nice words. It is a pleasure to work with you.
Hello, my name is Katerina und I’m a qualified German teacher with 8 years teaching experience.
I would like to help you to master the German language. You will get your personal online lesson via Skype.
If you are interested in learning this world language, just contact me –
I’m looking forward to getting to know you!
G. .
I recommended everyone to choose this teacher ! she's explaining pretty clear and she have a lot of patient ! she helped me a lot to improve my German skills !
Thank you so much George. I am very happy that our lessons helped you!
Hi! Welcome to my page! I'm Milton a certified English teacher with experience as an instructor in different fields.
I'm passionate about language learning and as a multilingual speaker I'm aware of the challenges related to learning a second language.
My teaching method is based on the Communicative language teaching approach, which is student centered and focused on the functional aspects of the language. In this approach the student is encouraged to use English since day one, no matter what his level is!
I'm able to help the student to improve his vocabulary, his grammar knowledge and pronunciation.Given my work experience in different fields, I'm confident that I can help the student with business English and preparing fo job interviews as well.
I will use both original and published materials and I will adapt them to the student's level, goals and interests. The lessons will be prepared ahead and I'll give the student some homework to do between the sessions if he wishes.
V. F.
Milton is a very friendly teacher. He makes his lesson interesting for his students and helps them learn the language with customized lesson materials.
This review was written by a coLanguage team member during a manual screening of this teacher profile.
Milton T.
My name is Christina and I provide German & French language lesson for children and adult beginners or intermediate who want to strengthen their language skills, improve the grammar knowledge, enrich the vocabulary and get into the German culture! I can teach in English or French!
I had experince in teaching German, English and French to foreign people so I do have a lot of useful learning material I can provide you to make it easier!
L. P.
Christina is amazing. From our first lesson I could tell that she really cared and wanted to help me prepare for my exam. I look forward to every lesson! I can't recommend her enough, she is perfect!
Thank you dear Luke
I am French living in Lisbon in Portugal. I have lived in different countries such as England, the United States and India. It gave me some experience of learning a foreign language and teaching it.
I am passionate about different cultures and try to share my love for French culture with you in a lively way.
I adapt to the needs of the students, whether to improve their oral, written, prepare for an exam or a job interview. I prioritize the conversation to allow the student to "unblock" and have fun speaking the language. I write down the vocabulary and grammar that the student lacks to express himself.
Learning a foreign language is, in my view, above all through cultural curiosity. We want to learn a language because we want to live in the country, travel there or get to know it better. We feel attracted. It is its Culture that motivates us in our learning: music, film, text, literature, way of being and cultural differences forming "another world". This means that learning is not just about learning a list of words and grammar lessons, as is taught too often in school. Practice again and again through conversation, books, music, movies and above all the pleasure of speaking and listening.
I adapt the student's personal work according to their available time and their objective (conversation, deadline for an exam, scheduled trip, etc.).
I am at your disposal for any further information.
See you soon,
M. R.
Florence is a lovely teacher. She is very flexible as to the kind of lesson you need. I have really enjoyed my lessons and look forward to them each week.
Florence F.