Indirect speech in German
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The indirect speech is used in order to report what somebody said. The indirect speech consist of a introduction and a dependent clause in the subjunctive I. There are some typical introductions like:
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We can build the indirect speech with or without a conjunction. But pay attention to the structure:
We form the indirect speech as a question by including the question word (for example "wie")
Exactly, as in the topic of the indirect questions, we are also allowed to use the word "ob" at the position of the question word.
In general we use the subjunctive I to form the indirect speech. But what is if the subjunctive I is identical to the indicative form of a verb? In this case we use the subjunctive II in order to differentiate the indirect speech from the direct speech.
If the subjunctive II is still not different from the indicative, then you have to use "würde".
You have learned about the indirect speech in German. Go on and deepen you knowledge with our interactive exercises.
Rewrite the follwoing direct statement, staring with Sie sagte and using the appropriate Subjunctive II form.
Recap:
1. "Vater ist krank gewesen. " - Sie sagte, Vater krank .
("The father has been sick" - She said, that the father had been sick)
2. "Mutter hatte Geld." - Sie sagte, Mutter Geld .
("The mother had money" - She said, the mother has had money)
3. "Mara hat keine Angst." - Sie sagte, Mara Angst.
("Mara has no fear" - She said, Mara would have no fear)
4. "Sie waren zusammen." - Sie sagte, sie zusammen .
("They were together" - She said, they would have been together)
5. "Er hatte Sie geliebt." - Sie sagte, er sie .
("He has loved her" - She said, he would have loved her)
6. "Laura war nach Hamburg gereist." - Sie sagte, Laura nach Hamburg .
("Laura has traveled to Hamburg" - She said, Laura would have traveld to Hamburg)
7. "Tante Hilde wohnt in Hamburg." - Sie sagte, Tante Hilde in Hamburg .
("Aunt Hilde lives in Hamburg" - She said, aunt Hilde would have lived in Hamburg)
8. "Wir hatten dich besucht." Sie sagte, wir dich .
("We have visited you" - She said, we would have visited you)
9. "Der Tisch war aufgebaut." Sie sagte, der Tisch .
("The table was built" - She said, the table would have been built)
10. "Die Wohnung war gestrichen." Sie sagte, die Wohnung .
("The apartment was painted" - She said, the apartmend would be painted)
Rewrite each of the following direct statements as and indirect statement, starting with Er hat gesagt and using the appropriate subjunctive I form.
Recap:
1. "Vater ist krank gewesen. " - Er hat gesagt, Vater krank .
("The father was sick" - He said, the father had been sick)
2. "Mutter hatte Geld." - Er hat gesagt, Mutter Geld .
("Mother had money" - He said, mother has had money)
3. "Mara hat keine Angst." - Er hat gesagt, Mara Angst.
("Mara has no fear" - He said, Mara has had no fear)
4. "Sie waren zusammen." - Er hat gesagt, sie zusammen .
("They were together" - He said, they had been together)
5. "Er hatte Sie geliebt." - Er hat gesagt, er sie .
("He loved her" - He said, he has loved her)
6. "Laura war nach Hamburg gereist." - Er hat gesagt, Laura nach Hamburg .
("Laura traveled to Hamburg" - He said, Laura has traveled to Hamburg)
7. "Tante Hilde wohnt in Hamburg." - Er hat gesagt, Tante Hilde in Hamburg .
("Aunt Hilde lives in Hamburg" - He said, aunt Hilde lives in Hamburg)
8. "Wir hatten dich besucht. " Er hat gesagt, wir dich .
("We have visited you" - He said, we have visited you)
This not a good example of the usage of subjunctive I. We have learned that in this cases we use the subjunctive II to identify the indirect speech
Use the subjunctive II
Er hat gesagt, wir dich . (He said, we would have visited you)
9. "Der Tisch war aufgebaut." Er hat gesagt, der Tisch .
("The table was built" - He said, the table were built)
10. "Die Wohnung war gestrichen." Er hat gesagt, die Wohnung .
("The apartment was painted" - He said, the apartmend was painted)
Rewrite the follwoing direct statement, staring with Sie sagte and using the appropriate Subjunctive II form.
Recap:
1. "Vater ist krank gewesen. " - Sie sagte, Vater krank .
("The father has been sick" - She said, that the father had been sick)
2. "Mutter hatte Geld." - Sie sagte, Mutter Geld .
("The mother had money" - She said, the mother has had money)
3. "Mara hat keine Angst." - Sie sagte, Mara Angst.
("Mara has no fear" - She said, Mara would have no fear)
4. "Sie waren zusammen." - Sie sagte, sie zusammen .
("They were together" - She said, they would have been together)
5. "Er hatte Sie geliebt." - Sie sagte, er sie .
("He has loved her" - She said, he would have loved her)
6. "Laura war nach Hamburg gereist." - Sie sagte, Laura nach Hamburg .
("Laura has traveled to Hamburg" - She said, Laura would have traveld to Hamburg)
7. "Tante Hilde wohnt in Hamburg." - Sie sagte, Tante Hilde in Hamburg .
("Aunt Hilde lives in Hamburg" - She said, aunt Hilde would have lived in Hamburg)
8. "Wir hatten dich besucht." Sie sagte, wir dich .
("We have visited you" - She said, we would have visited you)
9. "Der Tisch war aufgebaut." Sie sagte, der Tisch .
("The table was built" - She said, the table would have been built)
10. "Die Wohnung war gestrichen." Sie sagte, die Wohnung .
("The apartment was painted" - She said, the apartmend would be painted)
Rewrite each of the following direct statements as and indirect statement, starting with Er hat gesagt and using the appropriate subjunctive I form.
Recap:
1. "Vater ist krank gewesen. " - Er hat gesagt, Vater krank .
("The father was sick" - He said, the father had been sick)
2. "Mutter hatte Geld." - Er hat gesagt, Mutter Geld .
("Mother had money" - He said, mother has had money)
3. "Mara hat keine Angst." - Er hat gesagt, Mara Angst.
("Mara has no fear" - He said, Mara has had no fear)
4. "Sie waren zusammen." - Er hat gesagt, sie zusammen .
("They were together" - He said, they had been together)
5. "Er hatte Sie geliebt." - Er hat gesagt, er sie .
("He loved her" - He said, he has loved her)
6. "Laura war nach Hamburg gereist." - Er hat gesagt, Laura nach Hamburg .
("Laura traveled to Hamburg" - He said, Laura has traveled to Hamburg)
7. "Tante Hilde wohnt in Hamburg." - Er hat gesagt, Tante Hilde in Hamburg .
("Aunt Hilde lives in Hamburg" - He said, aunt Hilde lives in Hamburg)
8. "Wir hatten dich besucht. " Er hat gesagt, wir dich .
("We have visited you" - He said, we have visited you)
This not a good example of the usage of subjunctive I. We have learned that in this cases we use the subjunctive II to identify the indirect speech
Use the subjunctive II
Er hat gesagt, wir dich . (He said, we would have visited you)
9. "Der Tisch war aufgebaut." Er hat gesagt, der Tisch .
("The table was built" - He said, the table were built)
10. "Die Wohnung war gestrichen." Er hat gesagt, die Wohnung .
("The apartment was painted" - He said, the apartmend was painted)
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Thank you dear Luisa
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You want to take a telc or Goethe exam? I will help you! I teach from level B1 to C2. In the course of my teaching I have specialised in students and adult learners from the age of 19 who want to take one of these exams for professional or private reasons.
If you only want to prepare orally for an exam with me, I offer conversation lessons where I give you strategies and tips on how to pass the exam. You will do a lot of speaking and learn the phrases that are most important for the exam at your level.
I'll also show you how to integrate German into your everyday life, recommend podcasts, books and series to expand your vocabulary.
Are you looking for a job and need help with your application? No problem, I give you application training, revise your CV with you and write applications together with you. I will also prepare you for your job interviews.
Don't be shy and write to me before you book a trial lesson. Together we will work out a syllabus that is tailored to your needs and goals. We will learn what is important for you at this stage and where I see room for improvement. I adapt each lesson individually to you.
Due to my eight-year stay abroad in Ireland, I have a very good knowledge of English and can also explain something to you in English or Spanish, but in my lessons we almost only speak German together.
What can you expect in my lessons?
- Creative and professional preparation for telc or Goethe from B1 level upwards
- Conversation classes
- Language lessons individually adapted to your needs, each lesson is prepared for you individually
- Application training and help with application letters, revision of your CV
- Grammar explanations that YOU just need.
- Quizzes, puzzles, worksheets, books, conversation topics and much more. Learning should be fun!
The most important thing is that you invest a little time and feel like learning with me. In return, you should also do the homework so that we can make good progress. I will be happy to correct it. Let me inspire you!
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I've had students of all ages, from pre-school kids to senior generation, and I feel comfortable working with both beginners and those who are eager to take their learning process to a new level. In my classes I encourage you to talk in the language we’re studying as much as possible, putting every single bit of knowledge into practice right away. If you’re a Russian-learner, I’d be glad to prove it to you that you can absolutely nail my mother-tongue - and yes, you’ll be able to make a small talk in Russian by the end of the first class even if you’re an absolute beginner! We’ll be focusing on the topics that are most relevant to your goals, while discovering the language and getting to know more about the culture of people who speak it.
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I had experince in teaching German, English and French to foreign people so I do have a lot of useful learning material I can provide you to make it easier!
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My name is Christina and I provide German & French language lesson for children and adult beginners or intermediate who want to strengthen their language skills, improve the grammar knowledge, enrich the vocabulary and get into the German culture! I can teach in English or French!
I had experince in teaching German, English and French to foreign people so I do have a lot of useful learning material I can provide you to make it easier!
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Ms Christina is a fantastic teacher !! She is patient, explains very well and has a lot of material to work with !!! I am sure that with Ms Christina we can learn or improve our German skills, because she has an excellent method !!
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Thank you dear Luisa
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Since I learn languages myself, I know the difficulties and hurdles that can arise when learning a foreign language. I take away your fear of using the German language, because the best way to learn a language is to speak it!
You want to take a telc or Goethe exam? I will help you! I teach from level B1 to C2. In the course of my teaching I have specialised in students and adult learners from the age of 19 who want to take one of these exams for professional or private reasons.
If you only want to prepare orally for an exam with me, I offer conversation lessons where I give you strategies and tips on how to pass the exam. You will do a lot of speaking and learn the phrases that are most important for the exam at your level.
I'll also show you how to integrate German into your everyday life, recommend podcasts, books and series to expand your vocabulary.
Are you looking for a job and need help with your application? No problem, I give you application training, revise your CV with you and write applications together with you. I will also prepare you for your job interviews.
Don't be shy and write to me before you book a trial lesson. Together we will work out a syllabus that is tailored to your needs and goals. We will learn what is important for you at this stage and where I see room for improvement. I adapt each lesson individually to you.
Due to my eight-year stay abroad in Ireland, I have a very good knowledge of English and can also explain something to you in English or Spanish, but in my lessons we almost only speak German together.
What can you expect in my lessons?
- Creative and professional preparation for telc or Goethe from B1 level upwards
- Conversation classes
- Language lessons individually adapted to your needs, each lesson is prepared for you individually
- Application training and help with application letters, revision of your CV
- Grammar explanations that YOU just need.
- Quizzes, puzzles, worksheets, books, conversation topics and much more. Learning should be fun!
The most important thing is that you invest a little time and feel like learning with me. In return, you should also do the homework so that we can make good progress. I will be happy to correct it. Let me inspire you!
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Lessons with Larissa are a lot of fun. She is very personable and committed. Thank you for your support with German language.
Larissa L.
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Thank you for your positive rating. I look forward to more hours with you!
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Hello everyone and a big warm welcome to all the fellow language learners,
My name is Katerina, I’m a native Russian speaker and a foreign language teacher from St Petersburg, Russia. I’ve always been addicted to learning foreign languages, be it English, German, Spanish, Turkish or Arabic, so turning my passion into my job was just a matter of time. I have a Master’s degree in linguistics which taught me to understand the way the mechanism of a language works and thus to help my students see the logics behind the grammar rules. Being a constant language learner enables me to see the process from both sides and to predict the difficulties my students might face. The fact that I’m not a native speaker of English or German means I’ve been through exactly the same language-learning journey you’re about to take, and thanks to my personal experience as a student, I can make this road smooth for you.
I've had students of all ages, from pre-school kids to senior generation, and I feel comfortable working with both beginners and those who are eager to take their learning process to a new level. In my classes I encourage you to talk in the language we’re studying as much as possible, putting every single bit of knowledge into practice right away. If you’re a Russian-learner, I’d be glad to prove it to you that you can absolutely nail my mother-tongue - and yes, you’ll be able to make a small talk in Russian by the end of the first class even if you’re an absolute beginner! We’ll be focusing on the topics that are most relevant to your goals, while discovering the language and getting to know more about the culture of people who speak it.
I offer a short free trial class, for us to give each other a smile and discuss our teaching pattern, in order to ajust it to your goals and make our lessons the bee's knees :) See you soon!
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Ekaterina writes new words and sentences learnt during the lesson. She has got a very nice attitude and great accent! A pleasure to work with... yes, even in German!!!!!
Ekaterina V.
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Dear Silvia, thank you very much for your feedback! It's a real pleasure to have classes with you, and I hope you find them useful!
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