German reflexive pronouns
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Reflexive pronouns ensure that the action expressed by the predicate is reflected on the subject. They linked to specific verbs that require reflective pronominal use, the so-called reflexive or reciprocal verbs.
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Reflexive pronouns are declined by their...
Person | Nominative | Accusative | Dative | In English |
---|---|---|---|---|
1st person singular | ich | mich | mir | myself |
2nd person singular | du | dich | dir | yourself |
3rd person singular | er / sie / es | sich | sich | him- /her- / itself |
1st person plural | wir | uns | uns | ourselves |
2nd person plural | ihr | euch | euch | yourselves |
3rd person plural | sie | sich | sich | themselves |
Reflexive pronouns equal personal pronouns, except the 3rd-person forms in singular and plural.
The nominative case is used to express the subject. For this reason thee are no reflective forms to the nominative. It coincide with the personal pronoun.
Examples:
Verbs and prepositions which require accusative
German | English | |
---|---|---|
Verbs | sich auf den Weg machen sich auskennen sich ausruhen, sich erholen sich irren ... | to set off to know about (something) to rest to recover to be wrong ... |
Preposition | bis durch entlang für gegen ohne um ... |
till through along for against without around ...
|
Examples:
Verbs and prepositions which require dative
German | Prepositions | |
---|---|---|
Verbs | sich etwas denken sich Mühe geben sich Zeit lassen sich Sorgen machen sich etwas merken sich vorstellen ... | to think something make an effort to take yourself time to worry to memorize something to introduce oneself ... |
Prepositions | aus bei gegenüber mit nach seit von zu ... | out at opposite with after since from to ... |
Examples:
There is no genitive case of reflexive pronouns!
Reflexive pronouns can be used to reflect an action to oneself or to indicate a reciprocal action between two or more people or things.
These verbs need a reflexive pronoun to refer to oneself.
Examples:
These verbs need a reflexive pronoun to refer to each other. They are exclusively used in plural form.
Examples:
Unlike in English the reflexive pronoun can occupy different positions in sentences in German.
Examples | |
---|---|
3rd position | Er hat sich heute ein neues Auto gekauft. - He bought himself a new car today. |
4th posiion | Heute hat er sich ein neues Auto gekauft. - Today he bought himself a new car. |
Before or after the subject | Seit langem wollte Hans sich ein neues Auto kaufen. - Since a long time hans wated to buy (himself) a car. Seit langem wollte sich Hans ein neues Auto kaufen. - Since a long time Hans wated to buy (himself) a car. |
Subordinate clause | Hans ist aufgeregt, weil er sich heute ein neues Auto gekauft hat. - Hans is excited because he bought (himself) a new car today. |
Fill in the missing reflexive pronouns.
Recap of the reflexive pronouns:
1. Du schämst sehr.
(Your shaming yourself very much.)
2. Ich habe geirrt.
(I was wrong.)
3. Du solltest nicht zu viele Sorgen machen.
(You shouldn't worry too much.)
4. Sie hat die Fähigkeiten (selber) beigebracht.
(She taught herself the skills.)
5. Er war seiner sehr sicher.
(He was very confident with himself.)
6. Ihr habt verletzt.
(You hurt yourself.)
7. Das haben wir immer bei .
(We always have that with us.)
8. Sie denken nur an (selbst).
(They only think of themselves.)
9. Ich wasche .
(I wash myself.)
10. Du hast verletzt.
(You hurt yourself.)
11. Ich kaufe ein Handy.
(I buy myself a phone.)
12. Du wäscht die Hände.
(You wash yourself the hands.)
13. Er baut ein Haus.
(He builds himself a house.)
14. Wir streiten oft.
(We argue often.)
Complete the following sentences with the correct relfexive pronoun: mich, dich, sich, uns, euch, mir, dir.
1.) Er wäscht .
(He washes himself)
2.) Wir ruhen aus.
(We relax.)
3.) Sie blamieren .
(They are embarrising themselves.)
4.) Ich habe dem Chef vorgestellt.
(I presented myself to the boss.)
5.) Sie kümmert um ihn.
(She's taking care for him.)
6.) Ihr habt getäuscht.
(You were fooling yourselves.)
7.) Warum wundert ihr darüber?
(Why are wondering about that?)
8.) Sie haben ausgeruht.
(They relaxed.)
9.) Sie haben getäuscht.
(They fooled themselves.)
10.) Du musst beeilen.
(You have to hurry up.)
Fill in the missing reflexive pronouns.
Recap of the reflexive pronouns:
1. Du schämst sehr.
(Your shaming yourself very much.)
2. Ich habe geirrt.
(I was wrong.)
3. Du solltest nicht zu viele Sorgen machen.
(You shouldn't worry too much.)
4. Sie hat die Fähigkeiten (selber) beigebracht.
(She taught herself the skills.)
5. Er war seiner sehr sicher.
(He was very confident with himself.)
6. Ihr habt verletzt.
(You hurt yourself.)
7. Das haben wir immer bei .
(We always have that with us.)
8. Sie denken nur an (selbst).
(They only think of themselves.)
9. Ich wasche .
(I wash myself.)
10. Du hast verletzt.
(You hurt yourself.)
11. Ich kaufe ein Handy.
(I buy myself a phone.)
12. Du wäscht die Hände.
(You wash yourself the hands.)
13. Er baut ein Haus.
(He builds himself a house.)
14. Wir streiten oft.
(We argue often.)
Complete the following sentences with the correct relfexive pronoun: mich, dich, sich, uns, euch, mir, dir.
1.) Er wäscht .
(He washes himself)
2.) Wir ruhen aus.
(We relax.)
3.) Sie blamieren .
(They are embarrising themselves.)
4.) Ich habe dem Chef vorgestellt.
(I presented myself to the boss.)
5.) Sie kümmert um ihn.
(She's taking care for him.)
6.) Ihr habt getäuscht.
(You were fooling yourselves.)
7.) Warum wundert ihr darüber?
(Why are wondering about that?)
8.) Sie haben ausgeruht.
(They relaxed.)
9.) Sie haben getäuscht.
(They fooled themselves.)
10.) Du musst beeilen.
(You have to hurry up.)
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Hello =)
My name is Karolin and since the beginning of 2017, while I was still living in Chile, I've been giving online classes. I really enjoy my work and it gives me the privilage to get to know people from all around the world, which is amazing.
Both in English and in German, I teach classes for beginners and advanced students. I speak Spanish fluently, but as I lived in Chile for around 5 years, both my pronounciation and my choice of words are influenced by that. I learned and teach the european Spanish but only for beginners (A1/A2). But if you don't mind the chilenean influence, I do teach to a higher level as well.
If you'd like to get to know me and my teaching methods, just contact me and we will do a free trial lesson (please do NOT by a lesson before the trial lesson, not every teacher is good for every student).
See you soon!
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I would like to help you to master the German language. You will get your personal online lesson via Skype.
If you are interested in learning this world language, just contact me –
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I have hardly had oportunities to speak German, so the lesson was a little tough, but I had fun. The way, that she tries to understand what I mean each time and make me understood is wonderful.
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Dear Natsuki, thank you for your review. Kind regards, Katerina
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This teacher has experience, a great variety of learning materials for different objectives and speaks spanish fluently.
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Hello =)
My name is Karolin and since the beginning of 2017, while I was still living in Chile, I've been giving online classes. I really enjoy my work and it gives me the privilage to get to know people from all around the world, which is amazing.
Both in English and in German, I teach classes for beginners and advanced students. I speak Spanish fluently, but as I lived in Chile for around 5 years, both my pronounciation and my choice of words are influenced by that. I learned and teach the european Spanish but only for beginners (A1/A2). But if you don't mind the chilenean influence, I do teach to a higher level as well.
If you'd like to get to know me and my teaching methods, just contact me and we will do a free trial lesson (please do NOT by a lesson before the trial lesson, not every teacher is good for every student).
See you soon!
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