German personal pronouns
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Personal pronouns in German are replacements for already mentioned nouns. Personal pronouns are also used to address other people or to talk about ourselves.
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Personal Pronoun | English Translation | Examples | Function | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1st person singular | ich | I |
| to talk about the own person |
2nd person singular | du | you |
| to address one person |
3rd person singular | er / sie / es | he / she /it |
| to replace an already known noun ('das Auto') |
1st person plural | wir | we |
| to talk about several people including the own person |
2nd person plural | ihr | you |
| to address several people |
3rd person plural | sie | they |
| to replace an already known noun ('die Großelern') |
Personal pronouns have to be declined in:
Nominative | Dative | Accusative | Genitive | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1st person singular | ich | mir | mich | meiner |
2nd person singular | du | dir | dich | deiner |
3rd person singular | er / sie / es | ihm / ihr / ihm | ihn / sie / es | seiner / ihrere / seiner |
1rst person plural | wir | uns | uns | unser |
2nd person plural | ihr | euch | euch | euer |
3rd person plural | sie | ihnen | sie | ihrer |
The nominative case is always used as subject of the sentence.
Examples:
The dative is the indirect object of the sentence.
Examples:
When do we use the dative case?
There are some linked verbs and prepositions which request the dative case:
Examples | English Translation | |
---|---|---|
Verbs | gefallen kaufen vertrauen gehören antworten helfen ... | to like to buy to trust to belong to answer to help ... |
Prepositions | bei dank seit aus nach von zu mit ... | at thanks to since out to/after from to with ... |
The accusative is used as direct object of the sentence.
Examples:
When do we use the accusative case?
There are some linked verbs and prepositions which request the accusative case:
Examples | English Translation | |
---|---|---|
Verbs | sehen fragen essen trinken verstehen kaufen ... | to see to ask to eat to drink to understand to buy ... |
Prepositions | um durch für gegen ohne ... | around through for against without ... |
Genitive forms of personal pronouns in German exist but are very rarely used.
Examples:
If you require more information about which case to use, check out the German cases.
The personal pronoun used as polite form is the word 'Sie'.
'Sie' is...
'Sie' is used to address older people, strangers or people of higher hierarchical rank e.g. in student-teacher or employee-employer relations.
Normally 'Sie' is used for people you would call by their surname while 'du' is used for people you would call by their first name.
It is not likely to use the polite form to address friends, family members or kids.
Case | Personal Pronoun (singular and plural) | Example |
---|---|---|
Nominative | Sie |
|
Dative | Ihnen |
|
Accusative | Sie |
|
Genitive | Ihrer |
|
The pronoun 'es' can also be used as en indefinite pronoun for impersonal formulations.
Examples:
The indefinite pronoun 'man' is refering to one or more unspecified people. like 'es' it is a third-person singular pronoun and exclusively used in the nominative form.
Examples:
Remember: The indefinite pronouns are third-person singular pronouns and therefore the connected verb does always stand in third-person singular form as well!
Don't forget to check your results.
Possible personal pronouns: Ich, du, er, sie, es, wir, ihr, sie/ Sie. Pay attention to the capitalization.
Good luck !
1.) bin im Urlaub.
(I'm in vacation)
2.) Wo gehst hin?
(Where are you going?)
3.) ist schon im Bett.
(He is already in bed)
4.) ist im Garten.
(She is in the garden)
5.) ist noch nicht da.
(It is not here yet)
6.) gehen ins Kino.
(We go to the cinema)
7.) Kommt zu mir nach Hause?
Are you guys coming home to me?)
8.) Woher kommen ?
(Where do they come from?)
9.) Sind schon da?
(Are we there yet?)
10.) gehen gemeinsam ins Theater.
(They go together to the theatre)
Fill in the missing personal pronouns (nominative, dative, accusative)
1. (Ich) esse gern Chips.
(I like to eat chips.)
2. (Er) versteht die Aufgabe doch, oder?
(He understands the task, right?)
3. Vielleicht kann (sie, sing.) Mara am Flughafen abholen.
(Maybe Mara can pick her up from the airport.)
4. Die Frau hat (du) etwas gefragt.
(The woman asked you something.)
5. Meine Mama hat (ich) geholfen.
(My mom helped me.)
6. Wo hat Maria (er) kennengelernt?
(Where did Maria meet him?)
7. Was haben (Sie) heute gemacht?
(What did you (polite) do today?)
8. Kann ich mit (ihr) zum Flughafen fahren?
(Can I go to the airport with you?)
9. Wie kann ich (ihr) helfen?
(How can I help you?)
10. Hat (du) das Buch gefallen?
(Did you like the book?)
Don't forget to check your results.
Possible personal pronouns: Ich, du, er, sie, es, wir, ihr, sie/ Sie. Pay attention to the capitalization.
Good luck !
1.) bin im Urlaub.
(I'm in vacation)
2.) Wo gehst hin?
(Where are you going?)
3.) ist schon im Bett.
(He is already in bed)
4.) ist im Garten.
(She is in the garden)
5.) ist noch nicht da.
(It is not here yet)
6.) gehen ins Kino.
(We go to the cinema)
7.) Kommt zu mir nach Hause?
Are you guys coming home to me?)
8.) Woher kommen ?
(Where do they come from?)
9.) Sind schon da?
(Are we there yet?)
10.) gehen gemeinsam ins Theater.
(They go together to the theatre)
Fill in the missing personal pronouns (nominative, dative, accusative)
1. (Ich) esse gern Chips.
(I like to eat chips.)
2. (Er) versteht die Aufgabe doch, oder?
(He understands the task, right?)
3. Vielleicht kann (sie, sing.) Mara am Flughafen abholen.
(Maybe Mara can pick her up from the airport.)
4. Die Frau hat (du) etwas gefragt.
(The woman asked you something.)
5. Meine Mama hat (ich) geholfen.
(My mom helped me.)
6. Wo hat Maria (er) kennengelernt?
(Where did Maria meet him?)
7. Was haben (Sie) heute gemacht?
(What did you (polite) do today?)
8. Kann ich mit (ihr) zum Flughafen fahren?
(Can I go to the airport with you?)
9. Wie kann ich (ihr) helfen?
(How can I help you?)
10. Hat (du) das Buch gefallen?
(Did you like the book?)
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My name is Karolin and since the beginning of 2017, while I was still living in Chile, I've been giving online classes. I really enjoy my work and it gives me the privilage to get to know people from all around the world, which is amazing.
Both in English and in German, I teach classes for beginners and advanced students. I speak Spanish fluently, but as I lived in Chile for around 5 years, both my pronounciation and my choice of words are influenced by that. I learned and teach the european Spanish but only for beginners (A1/A2). But if you don't mind the chilenean influence, I do teach to a higher level as well.
If you'd like to get to know me and my teaching methods, just contact me and we will do a free trial lesson (please do NOT by a lesson before the trial lesson, not every teacher is good for every student).
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ABOUT ME:
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⭐ Austrian German & Germany German⭐
⭐ International teaching experience live and online⭐
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Research says the best way to learn a language is by using as many different methods as possible - so that's exactly what we'll do!
My lessons are very interactive and I like using a lot of different resources, which includes writing, listening, creative assignments, etc.
I have a lot of experience in learning and teaching a foreign language, therefore I understand the struggles of my students and will make sure that you feel comfortable. It’s absolutely okay to make mistakes, because that’s the way we learn. I’m very patient, flexible and adapt to the student's style of learning.
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I am thrilled by my teacher Dani. She is nice, positive and does a great job.
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Hello =)
My name is Karolin and since the beginning of 2017, while I was still living in Chile, I've been giving online classes. I really enjoy my work and it gives me the privilage to get to know people from all around the world, which is amazing.
Both in English and in German, I teach classes for beginners and advanced students. I speak Spanish fluently, but as I lived in Chile for around 5 years, both my pronounciation and my choice of words are influenced by that. I learned and teach the european Spanish but only for beginners (A1/A2). But if you don't mind the chilenean influence, I do teach to a higher level as well.
If you'd like to get to know me and my teaching methods, just contact me and we will do a free trial lesson (please do NOT by a lesson before the trial lesson, not every teacher is good for every student).
See you soon!
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Micaela is an excellent teacher, prepared and above all organized and awake. My lerning experience has been more than positive!
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Hi, I am Christin!
After training as a pastry chef and studying business administration, I traveled a lot and discovered my interest in languages. To find out more about teaching languages, I decided on further training at the Goethe Institute and completed it. During the Goethe Institute "Learn to teach German" course I was able to give individual language lessons and actively support the examination preparation for the Goethe certificate.
My lessons are needs-oriented. That means that learning goals are discussed with you and based on your level of knowledge. Whether grammar, sentence structure, pronunciation, expression or the practice of communication situations: German as a foreign and second language classes are flexible and take place in a group or one-to-one lessons with individual support and are based on your wishes and requirements. The teaching of content and topics takes place according to the respective language level. Building vocabulary, grammar and means of speaking are structured and conveyed logically building on each other. Let's get to know each other in a free trial class. I am looking forward to meeting you!
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Christin is a great teacher. She is very helpful and flexible, and her lessons are always varied and interesting. I'd recommend her to everyone who'd like to learn German!
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