German past participle (participle II)
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In the following you fill find information about the formation and the usage of the past participle.
There are three different ways to form the past participle of a verb.
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A regular weak verb doesn't change its word stem in the past participle. It is formed as follows: ge + stem + -t . The ending -t widens to -et in verbs whose stem ends in -d, -t and -n.
weak verb | past participle |
---|---|
prüfen | geprüft |
arbeiten | gearbeitet |
baden | gebadet |
The verbs end in -ieren are also weak verbs. They don't have a ge- prefix in their past participle form.
weak verb | past participle |
---|---|
analysieren | analysiert |
reparieren | repariert |
idealisieren | idealisiert |
If you don't remember the meaning of these verbs, please click on separable and inseparable verbs in order to receive more information.
verb | past participle |
---|---|
besuchen | besucht |
erzählen | erzählt |
umfahren | umgefahren |
fehlschlagen | fehlgeschlagen |
You use the past participle for the passive voice, the compound tenses, as attributive adjective or instead of a subset where one action leads the other.
past participle | use of past participle |
---|---|
Die Aufgaben wurden vom Lehrer geprüft. (Your tasks have been checked by the teacher) | passive voice |
Die Geschwister haben sich heute wiedergesehen. (The siblings saw each other again today) | compound tense |
Den Radiobericht gehört, weiß sie, dass Fett dick macht. (Having heard the radio report, she knows that fat makes one overweight) | one action leads the other |
Darum lässt er die geöffnete Tür offen. (That's why he leaves the open door open) | attributive adjective |
Form the correct participle II form of the words on the left, or the correct infinitive form of the words on the right!
Infinitiv → Partizip 2
lachen (to laugh) → gelacht
weinen (to cry) →
sagen (to say) →
(to work) → gearbeitet
(to lie) → gelegen
trinken (to drink) →
essen (to eat) →
springen (to jump) →
sein (to be) →
haben (to have) →
(to write) → geschrieben
Reminder: Not every participle II has the first syllable "-ge"
Was hast du auf seine Frage (antworten) ? (What did you answer to his question)
Gestern wurde mein Bruder (operieren) . (Yesterday my brother was operated)
Der Fahrer hat die Vorfahrt nicht (beachten) . (The driver didn't respect the right of way)
Sandra hat den ersten Preis (gewinnen) . (Sandra won the first price)
Hast du schon einmal Bananeneis (probieren) ? (Have you ever tasted a banana ice cream?)
Das Horoskop hat mir eine gute Zukunft (prophezeien) . (My horoscope predicted me a good future)
Ich habe dir schon längst (verzeihen) . (I have already forgiven you)
Wir haben die Gebrauchsanweisung genau (studieren) . (We have studied the manuel)
Die Zuschauer haben laut (applaudieren) . (The audience applauded loudly)
Auf dem Zeltlager haben wir uns Gruselgeschichten (erzählen) . (On the camping ground we told us scary stories)
Form the correct participle II form of the words on the left, or the correct infinitive form of the words on the right!
Infinitiv → Partizip 2
lachen (to laugh) → gelacht
weinen (to cry) →
sagen (to say) →
(to work) → gearbeitet
(to lie) → gelegen
trinken (to drink) →
essen (to eat) →
springen (to jump) →
sein (to be) →
haben (to have) →
(to write) → geschrieben
Reminder: Not every participle II has the first syllable "-ge"
Was hast du auf seine Frage (antworten) ? (What did you answer to his question)
Gestern wurde mein Bruder (operieren) . (Yesterday my brother was operated)
Der Fahrer hat die Vorfahrt nicht (beachten) . (The driver didn't respect the right of way)
Sandra hat den ersten Preis (gewinnen) . (Sandra won the first price)
Hast du schon einmal Bananeneis (probieren) ? (Have you ever tasted a banana ice cream?)
Das Horoskop hat mir eine gute Zukunft (prophezeien) . (My horoscope predicted me a good future)
Ich habe dir schon längst (verzeihen) . (I have already forgiven you)
Wir haben die Gebrauchsanweisung genau (studieren) . (We have studied the manuel)
Die Zuschauer haben laut (applaudieren) . (The audience applauded loudly)
Auf dem Zeltlager haben wir uns Gruselgeschichten (erzählen) . (On the camping ground we told us scary stories)
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