Dutch subjunctive (aanvoegende wijs)
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In this chapter you will learn about the Dutch subjunctive. It is not used very often in the current Dutch language, but it is a archaic form of language use.
The 'aanvoegende wijs' or the 'conjunctive' in Dutch is the subjunctive in English. This verb form expresses a wish (wens), concession (toegeving), direction (aanwijzing) or an encouragement (aansporing). In the modern Dutch language this verb form is mostly used in fixed expressions.
Situation | Example | Translation |
---|---|---|
Wish | God zij met ons. | God be with us. |
Concession | Hoe het ook zij, ze gaat naar school. | However it may be, she is going to school. |
Direction | Men neme een ei om deze vervolgens te bakken. | You take an egg to then bake it. |
Encouragement | Voor meer informatie, wende men zich tot het hoofdkantoor. | For more information, turn to the main office. |
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These fixed expressions are mostly used in the present tense with the singular form of 'hij, zij, het'. Only the verb 'zijn' (to be) can have a subjunctive in the past tense. The rule to form this tense is:
Infinitive minus 'n'
The table below shows the fixed expressions.
Example | Translation |
---|---|
Kome wat komen zal. | What will happen, will happen. |
Koste wat het kost. | At all costs. / No matter what. |
Redde wie zich redden kan. | Drastic times call for drastic measures, so safe yourself first. |
Leve de koning! | Long live the king! |
Het ga je goed. | Best wishes. |
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