Personal pronouns in Slovak
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Personal pronouns are the most used and basic pronouns from all of the groups. They indicate who are we talking about. Interesting fact is, that in Slovak language we have two forms of "they". Let's figure out how all of the personal pronouns look like.
Lesson outline
HideClassification of personal pronouns
Personal pronouns are divided into 2 groups:
- basic
- possessive
Here is the table of how they are written and pronounced:
| Singular | Plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| I | ja | we | my |
| you | ty | you | vy |
| he | on | they (masculine) | oni, ony |
| she | ona | they (feminine) | ony |
| it | ono | they (neutral) | ony |
The two plurals change together with the noun they are referring to.
- oni = used with masculine, living nouns (people)
- ony = used with masculine, non-living nouns (animals, things), feminine and neutral genders
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Basic personal pronouns
In Slovak language, we differentiate short and long forms of personal pronouns, when declining ja, ty, on, ona, ono and oni, ony.
Short forms are not used at the beginning of the sentences and are most often used with prepositions.
You can check the declension here:
| Nominative | ja | ty | on | ona | ono |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genitive | mňa, ma | teba, ťa | jeho, neho, ho, -ňho | jej, nej | jeho, neho, -ň |
| Dative | mne, mi | tebe, ti | jemu, nemu, mu | jej, nej | jemu, nemu, mu |
| Accusative | mňa, ma | teba, ťa | jeho, neho, ho, -ňho | ju, ňu | jeho, ho -ň |
| Locative | mne | tebe | ňom | nej | ňom |
| Instrumental | mnou | tebou | ním | ňou | ním |
and plural:
| Nominative | my | vy | oni | ony |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genitive | nás | vás | ich, nich | ich, nich |
| Dative | nám | vám | im, nim | im, nim |
| Accusative | nás | vás | ich, nich | ich, ne |
| Locative | nás | vás | nich | nich |
| Instrumental | nami | vami | nimi | nimi |
Examples:
- Vidím ťa (I see you).
- Hovorím s tebou (I talk with you).
- Dám ti darček (I will give a gift to you).
Possessive personal pronouns
Môj, tvoj, náš, váš and svoj are all declined according to the model môj. On the other hand, jeho, jej, ich remain unchanged, and they are never declined!
- Moja stará kniha. Jej stará kniha. (My old book. Her old book.)
- O mojej starej knihe. O jej starej knihe. (About my old book. About her old book.)
- S mojou starou knihou. S jej starou knihou. (With my old book. With her old book.)
| Case | masculine | feminine | neutral |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | môj | moj-a | moj-e |
| Genitive | môj-ho | moj-ej | môj-ho |
| Dative | môj-mu | moj-ej | môj-mu |
| Accusative | môj or -ho | moj-u | moj-e |
| Locative | moj-om | moj-ej | moj-om |
| Instrumental | moj-ím | moj-ou | moj-ím |
and plural form, again, as with adjective, is changing. For masculine personal nouns (people, living nouns) is one form and for feminine, neutral and masculine non-personal (non-living) nouns is another form:
| Case | masculine personsl | others |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | moj-i | moj-e |
| Genitive | moj-ich | moj-ich |
| Dative | moj-im | moj-im |
| Accusative | moj-ich | moj-e |
| Locative | moj-ich | moj-ich |
| Instrumental | moj-imi | moj-imi |
Exercises
Exercise about declension of môj
Drag the text exercise on personal pronouns
Exercises
Exercise about declension of môj
Drag the text exercise on personal pronouns
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I am a qualified, experienced teacher of Slovak for foreigners. I have master´s degree in teaching and I´ve been teaching Slovak both in person and online for 10 years. I prepare unique lessons for every student according to their level, needs, goals and preferences. I offer free trial lesson where we assess student´s level, discuss goals and make a plan of lessons. We also set our schedule and student gets a chance to see my teaching style and methods. .
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I am a qualified, experienced teacher of Slovak for foreigners. I have master´s degree in teaching and I´ve been teaching Slovak both in person and online for 10 years. I prepare unique lessons for every student according to their level, needs, goals and preferences. I offer free trial lesson where we assess student´s level, discuss goals and make a plan of lessons. We also set our schedule and student gets a chance to see my teaching style and methods. .
So, if you like to explore the beauty of my mother language, I will be pleased to assist you! Looking forward to meeting you soon online!
Regards,
Libi
S. Y.
Imperativ is difficult because there are some irregular verbs which Libi included in the exercise for practice
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I am a qualified, experienced teacher of Slovak for foreigners. I have master´s degree in teaching and I´ve been teaching Slovak both in person and online for 10 years. I prepare unique lessons for every student according to their level, needs, goals and preferences. I offer free trial lesson where we assess student´s level, discuss goals and make a plan of lessons. We also set our schedule and student gets a chance to see my teaching style and methods. .
So, if you like to explore the beauty of my mother language, I will be pleased to assist you! Looking forward to meeting you soon online!
Regards,
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Hi there! Do you want to dive into the beauty of Slovak and / or English language? Then let's do it together!
My name is Katarína and I am here to help you with any aspect of the language - grammar, speaking, conversations...
Thanks to my experience as a teacher at language school, I gave lessons to individuals, groups of various ages, children... I always try to personalize my lessons and concentrate on those areas that are important for you.
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Eva T.
Hi there! Do you want to dive into the beauty of Slovak and / or English language? Then let's do it together!
My name is Katarína and I am here to help you with any aspect of the language - grammar, speaking, conversations...
Thanks to my experience as a teacher at language school, I gave lessons to individuals, groups of various ages, children... I always try to personalize my lessons and concentrate on those areas that are important for you.
Do not hesitate to contact me if you have any questions. Have a great day!
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